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Асептический менингит, вызванный моноклональными антителами, используемыми для лечения рака: систематический обзор.

Фон и цель Monoclonal антитела (MAbs) революционизировали лечение рака, но связаны с целым спектром неблагоприятных явлений, включая неврологические осложнения. Понимание механизма и управления осложнениями имеет решающее значение для оптимизации ухода за пациентами. Цель настоящего систематического обзора заключалась в выявлении сообщений о случаях использования МБО для лечения рака, которые привели к появлению асептического менингита (АМ). 2024 (обновлено в мае) 2025). Для оценки качества тематических исследований использовался контрольный перечень критических оценок Института Джоанны Бриггс

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… INTRODUCTION Aseptic meningitis (AM) is characterized by inflammation of the meninges and presents with symptoms such as severe headache, fever, neck stiffness, and photophobia. AM is a rare but serious adverse event associated with the use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in cancer treatment. …

Ophthalmic Manifestations in Patients with Blood Malignancies.

Ocular complications can occur in up to 90% of patients with blood malignancies. Such complications range from direct infiltration to local hemostatic imbalance and treatment-related toxicity. This narrative review is based on a systematic computerized search of the literature conducted until January 2024 and examines the common ocular complications associated with blood cancers. Ocular complications from primary disease include mass effects from ocular adnexal lymphomas and intraocular lymphomas, with B-cell lymphomas accounting for 95% of primary ocular presentations. Secondary disease invol

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… Patients report pain, photophobia and decreased vision. To date, diagnosis of oGVHD relies on two international criteria: National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines and the International Consensus Group of ophthalmologists’ criteria ( Table 1 ) [ 92 , 93 ]. …

Oral Graft-Versus-Host Disease: A Pictorial Review and a Guide for Dental Practitioners.

IntroductionGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). GVHD may also develop following solid transplants or blood transfusions if white blood cells are transferred. GVHD affects multiple organs, including the oral tissues.ObjectiveThis pictorial review provides a background of GVHD to dental practitioners, describes the most common oral manifestations of GVHD and highlights the main treatment modifications needed to deliver dental care to patients with GVHD.MethodsA narrative review enhanced with clinical photographs.ResultsAcute GVHD

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… • Loss of body hair• Scaling | • Premature grey hair | Mouth | • Lichen planus-like changes | • Xerostomia | | • Gingivitis | | • Mucoceles | | • Mucositis | | • Mucosal atrophy | | • Erythema | | • Ulcers | | • Pain | | • Pseudomembranes | | Eyes | | • New-onset dry, gritty or | • Photophobia …

Limbal stem cell transplantation: an evidence-based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this analysis is to systematically review limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) for the treatment of patients … vascularization, and opacity. Patients experience symptoms including severe irritation, discomfort, photophobia, tearing, blepharospasm, chronic inflammation and redness, and severely decreased vision. Depending on the degree of limbal stem cell loss, LSCD may be total (diffuse) or partial (local). In total LSCD, the limbal stem cell population is completed d …

Multisystemic sarcoidosis-important lessons learnt from one of the great imitators.

We report a case of a woman who was admitted with a suspicion of metastatic malignancy of unknown primary origin. A few months prior to her admission, she presented to a rheumatologist with acute anterior uveitis, psoriasiform rashes and polyarthritis. A diagnosis of psoriatic arthropathy was made and she was treated accordingly. Soon after she presented with persistent back and right upper quadrant abdominal pain for which she had a CT scan done with evidence of hilar lymphadenopathy, liver hypodensities and lytic-sclerotic bone lesions. She was referred to our hospital for further investigat

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… Ten days following her ED visit, she developed redness of both her eyes which was associated with grittiness, blurring of vision and photophobia. …

Frequency of Topical Immunomodulatory and Immunosuppressive Therapies for Ocular Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease.

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of topical immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies in patients with ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in consideration of inflammatory activity and systemic immunosuppressive therapies in a tertiary care university hospital setting. Methods: We included 95 adult patients (48 male, 47 female) with ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after alloHSCT (median age 49.5 years). Clinical ophthalmological findings and the grade of ocular cGVHD according to the NIH eye score and the German-Austrian-

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… Other not distinctive, but typical features include photophobia, periorbital hyperpigmentation, and blepharitis (erythema and edema of the eyelids and telangiectasia of the lid margin). …

Belantamab Mafodotin for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: An Overview of the Clinical Efficacy and Safety.

Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and, more recently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in the chemotherapy regimens for newly diagnosed (NDMM) and relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM), the occurrence of drug resistance remains a challenge in MM patients. This is mainly in the advanced stage of the disease when treatments are limited, and the prognosis is abysmal. Nevertheless, novel molecules and therapeutic approaches are rapidly moving through the several phases of drug development and could address the need for new treatment options. The recent i

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… Corneal events were seen in 69% of patients, most commonly blurred vision (51%), dry eye (37%), and photophobia (29%), whose median duration was 35 days. Regarding efficacy data, 60% of patients achieved a PR or better, and 54% achieved at least VGPR. …

The Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Era of Bi-Specifics Antibodies and CAR T Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains largely incurable despite enormous improvement in the outcome of patients. Over the past decade, we have witnessed the "era of monoclonal antibody (moAb)", setting new benchmarks in clinical outcomes for relapsed and newly diagnosed MM. Due to their excellent efficacy and relative safe toxicity profile, moAbs in combination with immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) have become the new backbone of upfront anti-MM therapy. Yet, most patients will eventually relapse and patients who become refractory to IMiDs, PIs and moAbs have a dismal out

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… An early phase 1/2 study showed clinical efficacy with an ORR of 61% with the main toxicity being reversible photophobia (without corneal changes) seen in 60% of subjects at the maximum tolerated dose [ 71 ]. …

Targeting B-cell maturation antigen for treatment and monitoring of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients: a comprehensive review.

Despite major therapeutic advancements in recent years, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease with nearly all patients experiencing relapsed and refractory disease over the course of treatment. Extending the duration and durability of clinical responses will necessitate the development of therapeutics with novel targets that are capable of robustly and specifically eliminating myeloma cells. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a membrane-bound protein expressed predominantly on malignant plasma cells and has recently been the target of several novel therapeutics to treat MM patien

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… The MTD was 0.14 mg/kg and the most common TRAEs were photophobia (54%), thrombocytopenia (32%), rash (30%), increased gamma-glutamyltransferase (24%), dry eye (20%), and pleural effusion (20%). At the MTD of 0.14 mg/kg, the ORR was 61% with a median DOR that has not been reached. …

A review of neurotoxicities associated with immunotherapy and a framework for evaluation.

Immuno-oncology agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies, are increasing in use for a growing list of oncologic indications. While harnessing the immune system against cancer cells has a potent anti-tumor effect, it can also cause widespread autoimmune toxicities that limit therapeutic potential. Neurologic toxicities have unique presentations and can progress rapidly, necessitating prompt recognition. In this article, we review the spectrum of central and peripheral neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated

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… often relapsing and remitting, ICI-related disease typically has a monophasic course and does not relapse after ICI discontinuation and treatment for initial symptoms. 25 Meningitis Aseptic meningitis can mimic infectious meningitis, presenting with headache, neck stiffness, fever, nausea/vomiting, photophobia …

Roadmap for new practitioners to navigate the multiple myeloma landscape.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer in which monoclonal plasma cells cause end organ damage resulting in hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and bone lesions. MM is considered incurable, however, recent advances in treatment have improved survival. Historically, MM has been treated with immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), proteosome inhibitors (PIs), and corticosteroids. While newer therapeutic approaches such as monoclonal antibodies and cellular therapies have broadened the treatment horizon, the selection and sequencing of these therapies has become more complex. This review aims to help

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… Belantamab mafodotin-blmf (Blenrep) | • 2.5 mg/kg IV every 21d | • No specific recommendations | • Ocular toxicity- blurred vision, keratitis, photophobia • Fevers • Thrombocytopenia | • REMS program: routine eye exams required (baseline, prior to each dose, and for worsening ocular symptoms) • Use of …

Гендерное неравенство в когнитивных расстройствах между неврологическими аутоиммунными расстройствами: систематический обзор.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Неврологические аутоиммунные расстройства (НКД) часто переплетаются с когнитивными расстройствами (КИ), что представляет собой многоуровневую проблему как с клиническим пониманием, так и с терапевтическим управлением. Усугубленное бремя NAD и CI не только оказывает значительное влияние на качество жизни пациента (QoL), прогнозы состояния и результаты лечения, но и оказывает несоразмерное воздействие на женщин, которые по своей сути более подвержены автоматическому иммунитету. Этот обзор направлен на изучение гендерных когнитивных недостатков, их основополагающих механизмов и их клини

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… Additional symptoms like heat intolerance, hyperhidrosis (increased sweating), photophobia (light sensitivity), insomnia, and migraines notably affect patients’ social and professional QoL. …

Ocular effects caused by viral infections and corresponding vaccines: An overview of varicella zoster virus, measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2.

Many viral infections can affect vision and the visual system. Vaccination to prevent diseases is commonplace today, acting by stimulating an immune response without developing the pathology. It involves the production of persisting antibodies against the pathogen and the activation of T cells. Certain diseases have already been eradicated by rigorous vaccination campaigns, while others are hoped to be eliminated soon. Vaccines currently available on the market are largely safe, even if they can rarely cause some adverse effects, such as ocular complications. Analyzing existing literature, we

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… Primary VZV infection in children can sometimes be associated with ocular complications: in 12–25% of varicella cases an acute anterior uveitis, usually mild, can develop, which causes discomfort, lid swelling, irritation, perilimbar injection, photophobia, and decreased visual acuity ( 3 ). …

Rapid Progress in Immunotherapies for Multiple Myeloma: An Updated Comprehensive Review.

Despite rapid advances in treatment approaches of multiple myeloma (MM) over the last two decades via proteasome inhibitors (PIs), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), their efficacies are limited. MM still remains incurable, and the majority of patients shortly relapse and eventually become refractory to existing therapies due to the genetic heterogeneity and clonal evolution. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action represents an unmet need to achieve a deep and highly durable response as well as to improve pa

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… AEs include thrombocytopenia (31.7%, 24.4% > grade 3), photophobia (58.5%, 17.1% > grade 3) and dry eye (20%), skin eruption (31.7%, 0% > grade 3), and pleural effusion (24.4%, 2% > grade 3). Early-onset photophobia was reversible after drug discontinuation and was improved over time [ 103 ]. …

Механизм поглощения и токсичности антителного препарата BCMA в сочетании с полезной нагрузкой MMAF неантигенными функционирующими элементами.

Belantamab mafodotin, антитело-наркомания (ADC), продемонстрировал высокую эффективность в множестве миеломы. Он состоит из гуманизированного антиклектового антигена (BCMA) IgG1 моноклонального антитела, смешанного с монометил-ауристатином F (MMAF) с помощью манимидокапроилового связующего устройства. С помощью неизвестных механизмов поступили сообщения о связанных с окультизмом неблагоприятных явлениях, в частности о роговицах, в которых содержится АКЦ, в том числе белантамб мафодотин. В ходе этого исследования изучался механизм поглощения и цитотоксичности белантамбом мафодотином, содержащим

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… Discussion Belantamab mafodotin and other MMAF-conjugated ADCs are associated with corneal events, including keratopathy, blurred vision, dry eyes, and photophobia (Farooq et al. 2020 ; Popat et al. 2020 ). …

Oral and Maxillo-Facial Manifestations of Systemic Diseases: An Overview.

Many systemic (infective, genetic, autoimmune, neoplastic) diseases may involve the oral cavity and, more generally, the soft and hard tissues of the head and neck as primary or secondary localization. Primary onset in the oral cavity of both pediatric and adult diseases usually represents a true challenge for clinicians; their precocious detection is often difficult and requires a wide knowledge but surely results in the early diagnosis and therapy onset with an overall better prognosis and clinical outcomes. In the current paper, as for the topic of the current Special Issue, the authors pre

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… In fact, patients, who are mostly female, may manifest oral lesions, especially desquamative gingivitis, ( Figure 7 ) as initial and also single signs or associated to skin or other mucosal sites (mostly conjunctive with irritation, photophobia, ulceration, scarring-simblefaron). …

Targeted Delivery Strategies for Multiple Myeloma and Their Adverse Drug Reactions.

Currently, multiple myeloma (MM) is a prevalent hematopoietic system malignancy, known for its insidious onset and unfavorable prognosis. Recently developed chemotherapy drugs for MM have exhibited promising therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, to overcome the shortcomings of traditional clinical drug treatment, such as off-target effects, multiple drug resistance, and systemic toxicity, targeted drug delivery systems are optimizing the conventional pharmaceuticals for precise delivery to designated sites at controlled rates, striving for maximal efficacy and safety, presenting a promising appr

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… Initial human trials revealed significant adverse reactions, treatment-related adverse events occurring in ≥20% of patients were photophobia (53.7%), thrombocytopenia (31.7%), rash (29.3%), elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (24.4%), dry eye (19.5%), and pleural effusion (19.5%), casting doubt on the …

State of the Art of Pharmacological Activators of p53 in Ocular Malignancies.

The pivotal role of p53 in the regulation of a vast array of cellular functions has been the subject of extensive research. The biological activity of p53 is not strictly limited to cell cycle arrest but also includes the regulation of homeostasis, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence. Thus, mutations in the p53 gene with loss of function represent one of the major mechanisms for cancer development. As expected, due to its key role, p53 is expressed throughout the human body including the eye. Specifically, altered p53 signaling pathways have been implicated in the development of conjunctival

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… Common symptoms of uveal melanoma include blurring of vision, photophobia, floaters, and visual field defects. Uveal melanoma is a potentially fatal metastatic cancer. …

Autoinflammatory Keratinization Diseases-The Concept, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Implications.

Recent advances in medical genetics elucidated the background of diseases characterized by superficial dermal and epidermal inflammation with resultant aberrant keratosis. This led to introducing the term autoinflammatory keratinization diseases encompassing entities in which monogenic mutations cause spontaneous activation of the innate immunity and subsequent disruption of the keratinization process. Originally, autoinflammatory keratinization diseases were attributed to pathogenic variants of CARD14 (generalized pustular psoriasis with concomitant psoriasis vulgaris, palmoplantar pustulosis

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… Ocular symptoms are reported most frequently and include photophobia, conjunctivitis, corneal dyskeratosis, keratopathy with neovascularization, and, in the most severe cases, complete corneal opacification [ 18 , 75 , 76 , 135 , 140 ]. …

Race for the Cure: From the Oldest to the Newest Monoclonal Antibodies for Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by a wide clinical heterogeneity due to an intricate network of interactions between bone marrow-resident clonal plasma cells and the microenvironment. Over the last years, dramatic improvement in the understanding of these pathways led to the introduction of novel drugs with immune-mediated mechanisms of action. Some of these compounds, such as the anti-cd38 daratumumab and isatuximab, the anti-slamf-7 elotuzumab, and the antibody-drug conjugate belantamab-mafodotin, have been tested in large clinical trials and have now fully entered the real-life management

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… The ORR was 61% with acceptable hematologic toxicities and no reported cases of keratopathy, even if 58.5% of patients experienced photophobia; in 41.5% of patients, this was grade 1 or 2, while it was grade 3 or 4 in 17.1%. …