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Salmonella enterica and outer membrane vesicles are current and future options for cancer treatment.

Conventional cancer therapies have many limitations. In the last decade, it has been suggested that bacteria-mediated immunotherapy may circumvent the restrictions of traditional treatments. For example, Salmonella enterica is the most promising bacteria for treating cancer due to its intrinsic abilities, such as killing tumor cells, targeting, penetrating, and proliferating into the tumor. S. enterica has been genetically modified to ensure safety and increase its intrinsic antitumor efficacy. This bacterium has been used as a vector for delivering anticancer agents and as a combination thera

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… ΔpurI | Cytolysin HlyE | | mammary carcinoma | iv (1x10 6 ) | ( Ryan et al., 2009 ) LVR01 | ΔaroC | | | B-cell lymphoma | it (1x10 6 ) | ( Grille et al., 2014 ; Bascuas et al., 2018 ) SL3261 | ΔaroA | CEACAM 6 and 4-1BBL | | Colorectal cancer | og (2x10 9 ) | ( Jin et al., 2017 ) hCD20 and HSV-TK | ganciclovir …

COVID-19 and Cancer Comorbidity: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that affects the respiratory system of infected individuals. COVID-19 spreads between humans through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. As of 29 Sept 2020, over 235 countries, areas or territories across the globe reported a total of 33,441,919 confirmed cases, and 1,003,497 confirmed deaths due to COVID-19. Individuals of all ages are at risk for infec

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… In this retrospective cohort study of 28 SARS-CoV-2-infected cancer patients, 20 patients (71.4%) were prescribed at least one antiviral agent, including arbidol (n=14, 200 mg orally, three times a day), lopinavir and ritonavir combination (n=10, 400 mg and 100 mg orally, twice a day), ganciclovir (n …

Advances in Anti-Cancer Immunotherapy: Car-T Cell, Checkpoint Inhibitors, Dendritic Cell Vaccines, and Oncolytic Viruses, and Emerging Cellular and Molecular Targets.

Unlike traditional cancer therapies, such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy that are typically non-specific, cancer immunotherapy harnesses the high specificity of a patient's own immune system to selectively kill cancer cells. The immune system is the body's main cancer surveillance system, but cancers may evade destruction thanks to various immune-suppressing mechanisms. We therefore need to deploy various immunotherapy-based strategies to help bolster the anti-tumour immune responses. These include engineering T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to specifically recogni

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… Deletion of both γ 1 34.5 g genes (blocks shut-off of protein synthesis in the infected cells to induce neurovirulence) and disruption of U L 39 (allows viral growth in non-dividing cells) improved the susceptibility of these OVs to acyclovir and ganciclovir, restricted its replication to actively dividing …

Infections associated with immunotherapeutic and molecular targeted agents in hematology and oncology. A position paper by the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL).

A multitude of new agents for the treatment of hematologic malignancies has been introduced over the past decade. Hematologists, infectious disease specialists, stem cell transplant experts, pulmonologists and radiologists have met within the framework of the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL) to provide a critical state-of-the-art on infectious complications associated with immunotherapeutic and molecular targeted agents used in clinical routine. For brentuximab vedotin, blinatumomab, CTLA4- and PD-1/PD-L1-inhibitors as well as for ibrutinib, idelalisib, HDAC inhibitors, mTO

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… In case of positive PCR/antigen with increasing viral load or symptoms consistent with CMV disease, ganciclovir or valganciclovir treatment is recommended and idelalisib should be discontinued [ 134 ]. …

The 45th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Physicians - Oral Session.

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Targeting cancer stem cells with CAR-based immunotherapy: biology, evidence, and future directions.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are pivotal in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse, underscoring the need for targeted therapies to achieve lasting responses. This review delves into CSC biology, highlighting their tumor-initiating potential demonstrated through limiting dilution assays and their role in resistance to therapies. Although successful CAR therapies, such as anti-CD19 CAR T-cells, can induce complete responses without directly targeting CSCs, CAR strategies focusing on CSCs may offer promising avenues to prevent recurrence. We assess CAR therapies targeting CSC-specific antigens,

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… After reaching the tumors, they exerted anti-tumor activity, particularly in the presence of ganciclovir, which activates HSV-TK genes to eliminate tumor cells through the bystander effect. …

Pharmacological treatments of COVID-19.

The viral infection due to the new coronavirus or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was reported for the first time in December 2019, was named by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), because of the very similar genome and also its related symptoms to SARS-CoV1. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with significant mortality, morbidity, and socioeconomic impact is considered by the WHO as a global public health emergency. Since there is no specific treatment available for SARS-CoV2 infection, and or COVID-19, several clinical and

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… The systemic corticosteroid treatment along with anti-viral agents including neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir, etc.), ganciclovir, acyclovir, and ribavirin, as well as methylprednisolone, which have recommended previously in clinical practice for the treatment of influenza …

Evaluation and Management of Bacterial and Fungal Infections Occurring in Patients with a Hematological Malignancy: A 2011 Update

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… Neutropenia is primarily a consequence of the patients’ underlying disease or treatment, although infection (e.g., cytomegalovirus [CMV], human herpes virus [HHV]-6, HHV-8, parvovirus B19), medication toxicity (e.g., ganciclovir, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, linezolid), or graft rejection following …

ESCP 36th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy ‘Implementing Clinical Pharmacy in Community and Hospital Settings: Sharing the Experience’, Istanbul, Turkey 25–27 October 2007; Abstracts

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Utilization of Stem Cells in Medicine: A Narrative Review.

Regenerative medicine holds significant promise for addressing diseases and irreversible damage that are challenging to treat with conventional methods, making it a prominent research focus in modern medicine. Research on stem cells, a key area within regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal capabilities, is expanding, positioning them as a novel therapeutic option. Stem cells, utilized in various treatments, are categorized based on their differentiation potential and the source tissue. The term 'stem cell' encompasses a broad spectrum of cells, which can be derived from embryonic tiss

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… In pancreatic cancer models, MSCs expressing IFN-β and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase coadministered with ganciclovir reduced tumor growth and metastasis [ 331 , 332 ]. …

2020 CIS Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency & Dysregulation North American Conference.

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… Treatments included ganciclovir/valganciclovir (CMV) as well as doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, and cyclophosphamide (ABVE-PC) for 4 cycles (lymphoma). A heterozygous rare variant in BCL6b (c.1258C>T, p.R420C) has been documented. … Responded to ganciclovir / valganciclovir. | None | Persistent EBV viremia Immune Evaluation | Lymphocyte Subsets | Normal | Fluctuating lymphopenia (mostly CD4 lymphopenia). | B cell lymphocytosis (24%, 694/uL), | B cell phenotyping | Low CD38lowCD24high memory B cells. High % of plasmablast. …

Cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.

Cardiomyopathy is a group of disease characterized by structural and functional damage to the myocardium. The etiologies of cardiomyopathies are diverse, spanning from genetic mutations impacting fundamental myocardial functions to systemic disorders that result in widespread cardiac damage. Many specific gene mutations cause primary cardiomyopathy. Environmental factors and metabolic disorders may also lead to the occurrence of cardiomyopathy. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of various cardiomyopathies, highlighting the molecular and

Viral warfare: unleashing engineered oncolytic viruses to outsmart cancer's defenses.

Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) has emerged as a promising and innovative cancer treatment strategy that harnesses engineered viruses to selectively infect, replicate within, and destroys malignant cells while sparing healthy tissues. Beyond direct oncolysis, oncolytic viruses (OVs) exploit tumor-specific metabolic, antiviral, and immunological vulnerabilities to reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME) and initiate systemic antitumor immunity. Despite promising results from preclinical and clinical studies, several barriers, including inefficient intratumoral virus delivery, immune clearance, and

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… Among the most extensively studied is HSV-TK, which phosphorylates ganciclovir into a toxic nucleotide analog, leading to DNA chain termination and apoptosis. …

Haematological Diseases in the Tropics

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Cytokine-Engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy: How to Balance the Efficacy and Toxicity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy has revolutionized the paradigm in hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in treating solid tumors remains limited because the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME) seriously blocks T cell activation, infiltration, and proliferation. Cytokines, driving potent assisted function by enhanced T cell expansion, persistence, and direct tumor cell killing, have long been acknowledged as promising candidates combined with CAR-T cells to improve treatment outcomes. Despite their preclinical success, significant toxicity occurs in

ICAR 2011. Italian Conference on AIDS and Retroviruses, Florence, Italy, 27-29 March 2011. Abstracts.

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Abstracts - IANCON 2025

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Targeted protein degradation: advances in drug discovery and clinical practice.

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) represents a revolutionary therapeutic strategy in disease management, providing a stark contrast to traditional therapeutic approaches like small molecule inhibitors that primarily focus on inhibiting protein function. This advanced technology capitalizes on the cell's intrinsic proteolytic systems, including the proteasome and lysosomal pathways, to selectively eliminate disease-causing proteins. TPD not only enhances the efficacy of treatments but also expands the scope of protein degradation applications. Despite its considerable potential, TPD faces chal

Respiratory and Thoracic Medicine

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… conjunctivitis Am J Vet Res 68 2007 643 17542698 10.2460/ajvr.68.6.643 50 MacPhail CM Bennet AD Gibbons DS The esophageal transit time of tablets or capsules following administration with FlavorRx pill glide or pill delivery treats J Vet Intern Med 23 2009 736 51 Maggs DJ Clarke HE In vitro efficacy of ganciclovir …

Клиническое представление лептоспироза: ретроспективное исследование 34 Пациенты поступили в одно учебное заведение во Франции.

Лептоспироз имеет весьма изменчивое клиническое представление, которое может быть связано с различными заражающими сероварами, факторами хост-компьютеров или их комбинацией. Это исследование проводилось ретроспективно 34 Число пациентов с серологическим подтвержденным лептоспирозом, принятых в течение отчетного периода 1992-2002. Наиболее частыми симптомами при поступлении в школу были лихорадка (см.100%), головная боль75%), миальгии55%), артхальгии45%) и рвотой (т.е.39%). Применяемые лабораторные исследования включали в себя лимфопенцию (см.85%), тромбоцитопенсия75%), повышенные ферменты пече