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Intracoronary adjunctive therapies for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a network meta-analysis of trials.

AIMS: This network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluates the comparative safety and efficacy of intra-coronary (IC) … (1.11-2.45)], while IC adenosine increased the risk of peri-procedural AVBs [OR: 2.80 (1.14-6.84)]. Nicorandil reduced the incidence of peri-procedural VF/SVT [OR: 0.31 (0.12-0.81)]. CONCLUSION: Adjunctive IC treatments during primary PCI do not influence hard clinical outcomes compared to conventional therapy within a mean 8-month follow-up, although sever …

Phenome-wide screening of the putative causal determinants of bipolar affective disorder using genetic data.

Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a chronic psychiatric condition with high heritability (60-85%) and significant phenotypic variability, … ns, such as glucosamine/chondroitin, multivitamin mineral preparations, vitamin D, clopidogrel, and nicorandil, as well as the exposure to gas or solid fuel cooking/heating, decreased BPAD risk. Additionally, we detected that genetic variants affecting some mental, work, living, dietary, and physical health factors also increased BPAD risk. Our study provide …

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest related to coronary arterial spasm in three elderly patients with no obstructive coronary artery disease.

Coronary spastic angina (CSA) is relatively more common in young people than in elderly people. Here, we present three cases of elderly male … lesion on coronary arteriography. He was administered oral amlodipine, isosorbide mononitrate, and nicorandil. He survived an OHCA and underwent implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation on day 57. Case 2 was a 71-year-old patient without prior CSA, who suddenly lost consciousness during a break after tennis. Vf was reversed to sinus rhythm …

Ischaemic preconditioning: is it clinically relevant?

Direct clinical evidence for the classical preconditioning phenomenon, with infarct size limitation as an endpoint, cannot be obtained. Howe … ts were also to be used for treating cardiovascular conditions, such as the K+ATP channel activator nicorandil for the treatment of angina pectoris, the cardioprotective effect could be a beneficial side effect. The currently available protein kinase C activators are oncogenic, but with the recognition and better understanding of the different subtypes possi …

The Use of Cardiotonic Drugs in Neonates.

This overview provides a summary of the commonly used vasoactive agents and the various clinical scenarios in which they are used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The lack of well-designed clinical trials in this vulnerable population means that these agents continue to be administered without sufficient evidence-based knowledge on their dosing, safety, efficacy and long-term effects. The lack of age appropriate cardiotonic formulations remains an ongoing challenge. Future trials of cardiotonic drugs need to incorporate echocardiography and other objective monitoring tools in their

Achieving Optimal Medical Therapy: Insights From the ORBITA Trial.

Background In stable coronary artery disease, medications are used for 2 purposes: cardiovascular risk reduction and symptom improvement. In … opped for adverse effects in 1/20 [5.0%] and 1/18 [5.6%], respectively). Isosorbide mononitrate and nicorandil were stopped for adverse effects in 36 of 172 (20.9%) and 32 of 141 (22.7%) of patients, respectively. Statins were well tolerated and taken by 191 of 200 (95.5%) patients. Conclusions In the 12-week ORBITA trial period, medical therapy was successf …

Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill Promotes Angiogenesis through VEGF/eNOS Signaling Pathway on Diabetic Coronary Microcirculation Dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) on angiogenesis in diabetic cardiomyopathy mice with coronary microc … ow-dose group [15 mg/(kg·d)], medium-dose group [30 mg/(kg·d)], high-dose group [60 mg/(kg·d)], and nicorandil group [15 mg/(kg·d)], 6 in each group. The drug was given by continuous gavage for 12 weeks. The cardiac function of mice in each group was detected at the end of the experiment, and coronary flow reserve (CFR) was detected by chest Doppler techniqu …

Identifying new drugs and targets to treat rapidly elevated intraocular pressure for angle closure and secondary glaucomas to curb visual impairment and prevent blindness.

A multitude of pharmacological compounds have been shown to lower and control intraocular pressure (IOP) in numerous species of animals and … uct inhibitors (e.g. pregabalin), melatonin receptor agonists, and certain K+-channel openers (e.g. nicorandil, pinacidil). Other drug candidates and targets were also identified and will be discussed.

Preconditioning Strategies to Enhance Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Ischemic Stroke.

Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been proposed as an alternative novel therapy to replace damaged neural circuitry after isch … small drug molecules such as minocycline, doxycycline, interleukin-6, adjudin, sodium butyrate and nicorandil, as well as electrical stimulation using conductive polymer for ischemic stroke treatment. We discussed therapeutic benefits gained from these preconditioned NSC for in vitro and in vivo stroke studies and the detailed insights of the mechanisms und …

[Chronic or recurrent ulceration of the tongue].

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Stable angina pectoris.

The stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) population is a heterogeneous group of patients both for clinical presentations and for different underlying mechanisms. The recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines extensively review SCAD from its definition to patients' diagnostic and therapeutic management. In this review, we deal with five topics that, in our opinion, represent the most intriguing, novel and/or clinically relevant aspects of this complex coronary condition. Firstly, we deal with a peculiar SCAD population: patients with angina and 'normal' coronary arteries. Secondly, we r

123I-β-Methyl Iodophenyl Pentadecanoic Acid and 201Thallium Dual Myocardial Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (BMIPP/Tl SPECT) Detection of Myocardial Damage of Systemic Sclerosis.

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Vasorelaxant properties of isolated human radial arteries: comparison with internal mammary arteries.

Radial arteries, used in revascularisation surgery, are prone to spasm. We have examined the ability of nitrovasodilators, calcium channel blockers, and K(ATP) channel openers to cause vasodilation, and to attenuate contractions due to depolarisation and receptor activation in radial and mammary arteries used in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Two to three millimetre rings of artery obtained from patients at surgery were studied in organ baths in vitro. Constriction to KC1 and phenylephrine was examined before and again after treatment of the rings with drug or vehicle. Calcium channel b

Drug-Drug Interactions and Their Association with Adverse Health Outcomes in the Older Community-Dwelling Population: A Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on associations between drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and health outcomes in the older community-dwelling population is … ne-furosemide, clarithromycin-salbutamol, rosuvastatin-warfarin, amiodarone-bisoprolol, and aspirin-nicorandil were common DDIs 6 months preceding these health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: We found a two-fold increase in DDI prevalence between wave 1 and 2. DDI exposure was associated with increasing ADEs and declining HRQoL at 2-year follow-up. Common DDIs invol …

Polygon-like luminal configuration captured by intracoronary optical frequency domain imaging of a spontaneous coronary spasm in an ST-elevation myocardial infarction patient.

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[Mechanism of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum flavonoids in improving microcirculatory disorders based on neutrophil extracellular traps].

This study investigated the effects of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum flavonoids(DOLF) on microcirculatory disorders through the regulation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs). Sixty SPF-grade male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a nicorandil group(1 mg·kg~(-1)), and low-, medium-, and high-dose DOLF groups(1, 2, and 4 g·kg~(-1), respectively), and were administered the corresponding treatments by gavage for 7 consecutive days. A model of microcirculatory disorders was established by injecting polyethylene microspheres into the left v…

Hypoglycemic properties of some preparations and compounds from Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Artemisia ludoviciana, commonly known as "estafiate", plays an important role in contemporary Mexico for tre … heir hypoglycemic effect. The hypoglycemic effect of arglanin (3) was attenuated in the presence of nicorandil, which suggested that the lactone behaved as an ATP-K+-channel blocker as glibenclamide. Salvinine (4) turned out to be a mixed α-glucosidase inhibitor, while 3 was inactive. CONCLUSIONS: Artemisia ludoviciana preparations showed hypoglycemic and a …

Intractable right coronary artery spasm in the early postoperative period after heart transplantation: a case report.

Coronary artery spasm after heart transplantation is a very rare complication. In one observational study and many anecdotal reports, most cases of coronary artery spasm occurred more than 1 year after surgery and had good outcomes. However, cases of intractable coronary artery spasm during the early postoperative period resulting in fatality are limited. This report presents a case of two cardiac arrests caused by coronary artery spasms within a short period of time after heart transplantation.

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… Coronary angiography demonstrated a normal left coronary artery, but a severe diffuse RCA spasm occurred despite multiple intracoronary nitrate and nicorandil injections, sparing only the stent-implanted proximal lesion ( Fig. 2D ). … In this case, only low-dose intravenous nicorandil was administered because of the patient’s low blood pressure after surgery, and MCS was eventually applied after the second CAS. Second, stent implantation for coronary spasm should be carefully determined in clinical practice. …

High incidence of repeat anginal attacks despite treatment with calcium-channel blockers in patients with coronary spastic angina.

BACKGROUND: Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) are highly effective in suppressing coronary spasm and are widely used as the standard therapy for coronary spastic angina, but it is unclear if CCB treatment completely suppresses the symptoms. METHODS AND RESULTS: The clinical course of the symptoms caused by coronary spasm was investigated in patients taking CCBs: 90 patients were evaluated and 80 patients were followed. The mean follow-up period was 1,796+/-1,169 days. There were no cardiac deaths, but 3 patients were admitted to the hospital, 1 because of the onset of non-Q wave myocardial infa

Transient ST-segment elevation following coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia treated with romiplostim: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: ST-segment elevation following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a clinically important postoperative finding that may … close monitoring, aspirin, prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin, indomethacin, and intravenous nicorandil during the initial assessment. The ST-segment elevation resolved by postoperative day three without clinical evidence of ongoing myocardial ischemia. CONCLUSION: Transient ST-segment elevation after CABG requires systematic evaluation for both isch …