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Partnering and Programming for a Black, Indigenous, and People of Color Sexual and Gender Minority Pathway to HIV Research.

BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to conduct innovative research on the health needs of populations whose intersecting identities, such as being Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) and sexual and gender identity (SGM) persons, put them at greater risk of HIV infection. More so, as important as it is to train on the best practices, it is as important to train aspiring BIPOC SGM scholars in intersectional HIV science so that they can address the HIV-related issues of BIPOC SGM populations. METHODS: In line with guidelines to increase diversity in the HIV workforce, we sought

Strategies to recruit and retain Black and Latina/x women and birthing people in a biospecimen research study.

The Supporting Our Ladies And Reducing Stress to prevent preterm birth (SOLARS) Feasibility Study utilized three strategies to recruit Black and Latina/x women in a biospecimen study: individual (warm hand-off from community partner); group (attend group sessions to discuss study), and tabling (setting up a table at a clinic or community event). Additionally, we combined individual + group and individual + group + tabling strategies. Using these strategies, 35 women were recruited, where 32 completed survey and biospecimen at two timepoints across their pregnancies. Findings from our study sup

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in people of Black ethnicities living with HIV in the United Kingdom.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected people of Black ethnicities, however, there are limited data on the post-acute s … 19, COVID-19 with full recovery, and COVID-19 with incomplete recovery.ConclusionsIn this cohort of Black people with HIV, participants with a history of COVID-19 reported a reduced ability to carry out activities of daily living and various other health issues. Although most people reported full recovery from COVID-19, self-reported limitations in functional …

Political representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: a cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to estimate differences in perinatal outcomes by racial differences in political representation, a measure of structural racism. METHODS: We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n = 159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-White elected officials from the percent of non-White residents to calculate the "representation difference," with greater positive values indicating a larger disparity. We linked this to data from 2020-2021 birth certificates (n = 238,795) on outcomes (preterm birth, <37 weeks, lo

US Black-White Differences in Mortality Risk Among Transgender and Cisgender People in Private Insurance, 2011-2019.

Objectives. To compare survival by gender and race among transgender and cisgender people enrolled in private insurance in the United States between 2011 and 2019. Methods. We examined Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart Database. We identified transgender enrollees using claims related to gender-affirming care. Our analytic sample included those we identified as transgender and a 10% random sample of cisgender enrollees. We limited our sample to those 18 years or older who were non-Hispanic Black or White. We identified 18 033 transgender and more than 4 million cisgender enrollees. We fit Kaplan

Ethnicity a risk factor? The relation between ethnicity and large- and small-vessel disease in White people, Black people, and Asians within a hospital-based population.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that in patients with ischaemic stroke, White people often present with large-vessel and Black people with small-vessel strokes. This study investigates the relation between large- and small-vessel disease, and ethnicity in White, Black, and Asian patients in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. METHODS: In a hospital-based population of 668 patients ethnicity was determined by self-identification. The relation between ethnicity and carotid stenosis, as an indicator of large-vessel disease, was determined using univariate analysis, and adjusted for age, gender, hyp…

Intersecting social determinants of health, multimorbidity and quality of life in people of Black ethnicities with HIV in South London.

BACKGROUND: Social determinants of health (SDoH) impact health outcomes and rarely exert their influence in isolation. We examined associations between SDoH patterns, multimorbidity and quality of life (QoL) in people of Black ethnicities with HIV in England. METHODS: This mixed-methods study comprised questionnaires, focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with staff members from a community-based organization. We used principal component analysis to identify patterns of SDoH and z scores to describe the burden of each pattern. Associations between SDoH burden scores, multimor

Comparisons of injection and non-injection opioid use among Black people in methadone treatment: A pilot in Detroit.

Rates of injection drug use (IDU) of opioids have been consistently lower among Black people relative to Non-Hispanic White people despite rising IDU estimates. While explanations have been proposed, no study has explored differences within a clinical sample of Black people in treatment who prefer IDU to non-IDU opioid administration. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore these differences guided by a seminal framework (e.g., market force, social network, and risk-taking characteristics), along with mental health symptoms, needle phobia, and injection perception variables. A purposive…

Associations between pain, mobility, quality of life and mental health in people of Black ethnicities with HIV in London.

BACKGROUND: Chronic pain, and its relationship with physical function and mental health, remains under-explored in people of Black ethnicities with HIV who experience intersecting inequities which may affect the experience and impact of pain. We investigated associations between severity of pain, physical function and mental health in these populations. SETTING: Three HIV clinics in South London, UK. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in adults of Black ethnicities with HIV. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between mild and moderate-sever

Support and resources provided by the chosen family of queer, trans, Black, Indigenous, people of colour: a scoping review.

Families of origin can provide young people with emotional support and advise, housing, and financial stability. A chosen family is a type of family that has been associated with Queer Trans Black Indigenous People of Colour. This review examines what support and resources chosen families provide this population. We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, ProQuest and Google Scholar. Twenty-five studies were selected which identified the resources provided by a chosen families. Chosen families provided three main types of support and resources: (1) Relational support (social, emotional and cultura

Discrimination and Mental Health Among Black and Latino People Living with HIV: Understanding the Role of Religion and Spirituality.

Despite significant advances in HIV care and treatment, Black and Latino people living with HIV (PWH) still face substantial health disparities due to discrimination and systemic inequities, which adversely affect their mental health. Given the profound significance of religion and spirituality in Black and Latino communities, the effects of religiosity on the relationship between discrimination and mental health should be examined. This study examined religiosity as a moderator between discrimination and mental health among Black and Latino PWH. Using data from the All of Us Research Program

Applying the PEN-3 cultural model to explore and improve cancer survivorship in Black and Latinx people in the US.

BACKGROUND: Culture is important as it influences how survivors navigate micro (e.g. interpersonal relationships, social networks) and macro systems (e.g. healthcare system, society) in their everyday lives. This study applied a sociocultural lens, using the PEN-3 cultural model, to explore experiences of Black and Latinx cancer survivors and their families with the aim of identifying recommendations to improve cancer survivorship experience. METHODS: We used qualitative descriptive design. A total of 17 (4 men and 13 women) cancer survivors 50 years or older (Mean age = 63.9 years) were inte

Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in US-Born and Non-US-Born Black Pregnant People in the US.

IMPORTANCE: With disparate Black maternal health outcomes in the US and a steadily expanding non-US-born Black population, it is beneficial … decreased odds of experiencing any maternal morbidity (4411 of 403 822 births [1.1%]) compared with Black people born outside of the US (1593 of 95 587 births [1.7%]) (aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.62-0.71). US-born Black people were significantly less likely to experience 3 of 5 maternal morbidities compared with non-US-born Black people: maternal transfusion (aOR, 0. …

Racial disparities in gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Black and White pregnant people with obesity.

OBJECTIVE: This study of pregnant people with obesity examined two aims in testing the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic widened racial disparity in maternal health in high-risk pregnancies; it compared by race both (1) gestational weight gain (GWG) patterns and (2) patterns of preexisting conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective chart review included birth certificate and delivery records from a large women's specialty hospital in Louisiana between 2018 and 2022. Differences in preexisting conditions, GWG, and adverse pregnancy outcomes were explored across

Experiences of postnatal care and support among Black women and birthing people in the UK: Systematic review and thematic synthesis.

The postnatal period is a time for recovery and social transition, yet it is often called the 'Cinderella service' of maternity care, due to its relative neglect in research and policy. Literature often conflates postnatal experiences with antenatal and intrapartum periods, risking overlooking distinct needs arising after birth. For Black women in the UK, structural barriers further shape experiences. This review synthesises literature on Black women's postnatal care and support experiences in the UK, up to the baby's first birthday, in both hospital and community settings.We included qualitat

Two Years of Ocrelizumab Treatment in Black and Hispanic People with Multiple Sclerosis in CHIMES: A Single-Arm Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab in self-identified black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis. METHODS: The Characterization of Ocrelizumab in Minorities with Multiple Sclerosis (CHIMES) trial, a prospective, open-label, single-arm, phase 4 study, intentionally recruited underrepresented populations in the US, Puerto Rico, and Kenya. Black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis aged 18-65 years with Expanded Disability Status Scale score 0-5.5 received ocrelizumab for 2 years. The primary endpoint was the proportion of partici

Effects of germinated brown rice and germinated black rice on people with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with dyslipidaemia.

Objective: This study aimed to observe the effects of germinated brown rice and germinated black rice on blood lipid levels, blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism-related enzymes in T2DM patients with dyslipidaemia and to study their effects on the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids. Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 68 subjects were randomly divided into a germinated brown rice group, a germinated black rice group and a white rice group. At the end of the intervention, relevant anthropometric indices, blood biochemistry, and levels of adipokines and lipid

Structural violence and the uncertainty of viral undetectability for African, Caribbean and Black people living with HIV in Canada: an institutional ethnography.

Biomedical advances in healthcare and antiretroviral treatment or therapy (ART) have transformed HIV/AIDS from a death sentence to a managea … ity and violating their right to health. Biomedical discourses and practices, and inequities reduce Black people to a stigmatized, pathologized, and impoverished detectable viral underclass. Black people perceived as nonadherent to ART and maintain detectable viral loads are considered "bad" patients while privileged individuals who achieve undetectability are …

Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease affecting a diverse population. Compared with white people with MS (PwMS), Black PwMS have more severe disease and higher incidence of MS, whereas Hispanic PwMS experience earlier onset disease; however, MS is not adequately studied in these groups. We compared the effectiveness of fumarates across Black, Hispanic, Asian, and white PwMS. METHODS: This retrospective analysis using the Komodo Health database included PwMS. Patients with a claim for diroximel fumarate or dimethyl fumarate were followed from disease-modifying therap

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… Moreover, Black people with MS (PwMS) tend to experience a more severe disease course, with more frequent relapses and faster disability progression compared with non-Black individuals [ 4 – 6 ]. … The designations were (1) Black people, which included those who reported their race as Black or African American, (2) Hispanic people, which included those who reported their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino, and (3) Asian people, which included those who reported their race as Asian or Pacific Islander …