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Myricanol Inhibits the Type III Secretion System of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium by Interfering With the DNA-Binding Activity of HilD.

The type III secretion system (T3SS) consists of a syringe-like export machine injecting effectors from the bacterial cytosol directly into host cells to establish infection. This mechanism is widely distributed in gram-negative bacteria and can be targeted as an innovative strategy for the developing of anti-virulence drugs. In this study, we present an effective T3SS inhibitor, myricanol, inspired by the use of folk medicinal plants traditionally used against infections. Myricanol is a cyclic diarylheptanoid isolated from the medicinal plant Myrica nagi, which is found in South and East Asia…

Chinese bayberry exosome-like nanoparticles attenuate DSS-induced colitis via immunomodulation, barrier restoration, and microbiota remodeling.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disorder characterized by intestinal barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation, with limited safe and effective therapeutic options available. Owing to their biocompatibility and bioactivity, plant exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) have emerged as promising natural nanotherapeutics. In this study, exosome-like nanovesicles from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) were isolated, characterized, and termed BELNs to investigate their therapeutic potential against IBD. Purified BELNs exhibited a typical bilayer membrane structure with a 100-3…

Identification of phytochemical inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 protease 3CLpro from selected medicinal plants as per molecular docking, bond energies and amino acid binding energies.

Recent worldwide outbreak of SARS-COV-2 pandemic has increased the thirst to discover and introduce antiviral drugs to combat it. The bioact … s that (3,3-dimethylally) isoflavone (Glycine max), licoleafol (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), myricitrin (Myrica cerifera), thymoquinone (Nigella sativa), bilobalide, ginkgolide A (Ginkgo biloba), Salvinorin A (Salvia divinorum), citral (Backhousia citriodora) and prephenazine (drug) showed high activity against SARS-COV-2 protease 3CLpro. The drug like and AD …

[Myricetin reduces the reproductive toxicity of cyclophosphamide in male mice].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of myrica flavone on male reproductive toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide and its mechanism. METHODS: Thirty 6-week-old male ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, cyclophosphamide reproductive injury model group, myricetin low-medium high-dose intervention group. Except the blank control group, the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg daily for 7 consecutive days. The myricetin group received intragastric administration of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg myricetin daily for 30 consecutive days since…

Bioprospection of Antiviral and Antitumor Compounds from Some Marine Algae from Egyptian Shores.

BACKGROUND: The marine algae are considered a diverse source of bioactive compounds. Many active compounds have been isolated from algae and show good biological activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aim of this study is to detect the antiviral and anticancer activities in some extracts of marine algae. Extraction, purification and identification of some marine algae common in Egypt were conducted. Extraction of Ulva lactuca, Sargassum dentifolium, and Cystoseiara myrica was conducted. A sequence of extractions, including extraction by ethanol, boiling water, hydrochloric acid and sodium hyd…

Assessment of the conceivable inhibitory activity of pathogenic microorganisms extracted from seaweed using phytochemicals, antioxidants, and in-silico molecular dynamic simulation.

Turbinaria ornata, Polycladia myrica, and Padina pavonica is a perennial Mediterranean-native seaweed that is commonly used for mass display. The principal aims of this reconnaissance were the isolation of various compounds from methanolic seaweeds extraction and screening the potential effect as antibacterial, and antioxidant. The micro-dilution method was used to measure antibacterial activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC. Mass) abused to analyze the chemical components of the methanolic seaweed extract. The existence of 19 secondary metabolites was discovered using GC-MS a…

Myricanol improves metabolic profiles in dexamethasone induced lipid and protein metabolism disorders in mice.

Myricanol (MY) is one of the main active components from bark of Myrica Rubra. It is demonstrated that MY rescues dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle dysfunction via activating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and increasing adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Since SIRT1 and AMPK are widely involved in the metabolism of nutrients, we speculated that MY may exert beneficial effects on DEX-induced metabolic disorders. This study for the first time applied widely targeted metabolomics to investigate the beneficial effects of MY on glucose, lipids, and…

Investigation on the Antibacterial and Anti-T3SS Activity of Traditional Myanmar Medicinal Plants.

Myanmar has a rich pool of, but less known, medicinal plants with traditional knowledge. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibito … T3SS. The EtOH extracts of five plants, Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex Wight & Arn. (My7), Myrica nagi Thunb. (My11), Terminalia citrina Roxb. ex Fleming (My21), Thymus vulgaris L. (My49), and Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet (My104), showed potent inhibitory activities against the secretion of T3SS proteins SipA/B/C/D of S. enterica ser …

A combination of hot air treatment and nano-packing reduces fruit decay and maintains quality in postharvest Chinese bayberries.

BACKGROUND: Chinese bayberry is susceptible to microbial decay during postharvest handling and storage. To search for effective alternatives to currently used fungicides for disease control, the efficacy of hot air (HA) treatment at 48 °C for 3 h alone or in combination with nano-packing (NP) containing nano-TiO(2) and nano-Ag in controlling green mould decay caused by Penicillium citrinum and natural decay, and their effects on fruit quality in harvested Chinese bayberries were investigated in this study. RESULTS: The combined treatment of HA and NP resulted in a remarkably improved control

Integrative functional profiling of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria reveals Lelliottia aquatilis as a multifunctional PGPR in Himalayan ecosystems.

BACKGROUND: Plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria have traditionally been known to have the ability to enhance crop productivity, abiotic stress-tolerance and disease resistance and providing an environmentally-friendly alternative to the currently used chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In this study, endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from Myrica esculenta and plants residing in termite mounds, i.e., Carissa carandas and Pyrus pashia, and analyzed for PGP properties, resistance to abiotic stress and biocontrol capabilities. METHODS: Bacterial isolates were screened thoroug…

Myricitrin as a potent inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation via RAW264.7 Cells, BMMs and ovariectomized mouse model.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disorder marked by progressive bone loss and elevated fracture risk, primarily driven by excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Current therapeutic agents are limited by adverse effects, necessitating the exploration of safer, naturally derived compounds. Myricitrin, a bioactive flavonoid from Myrica rubra, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its role in bone metabolism remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate Myricitrin's anti-osteoclastic effects and underlying molecular mechanis…

The effects of flavonoids, green tea polyphenols and coffee on DMBA induced LINE-1 DNA hypomethylation.

The intake of carcinogenic and chemopreventive compounds are important nutritional factors related to the development of malignant tumorous diseases. Repetitive long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) DNA methylation pattern plays a key role in both carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. In our present in vivo animal model, we examined LINE-1 DNA methylation pattern as potential biomarker in the liver, spleen and kidney of mice consuming green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (catechins 80%), a chinese bayberry (Morella rubra) extract (myricetin 80%), a flavonoid extract (with added resveratrol) and

Myricetin exhibit selective anti-lymphoma activity by targeting BTK and is effective via oral administration in vivo.

BACKGROUND: Myricetin (MYR) is a polyhydroxy flavone originally isolated from Myrica rubra, and is widely distributed in a variety of medicinal plants and delicious food. MYR has been proven to have inhibitory effects against various types of cancer. However, the exact role of MYR in lymphoma development is still unclear. METHODS: In vitro, the MTT assay was performed to evaluate the activity of human diffuse large B lymphoma cell TMD-8 and other tumor cells. Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) and molecular docking were used to detect the target of MYR inhibiting TMD-8 cells. In ad…

Myricanol modulates PPARγ/ACSL1/SCD1 metabolic signaling pathway to promote mitochondria biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The bark of Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc (MR). is a natural remedy commonly used in China and other Asian nations because of its antioxidant, antiinflammation and antibacterial activities. Myricanol is the main lipid-lowering compounds in the bark of MR. The effects of myricanol on alleviating hyperlipidemia have rarely been reported. No study has investigated the role of the ACSL-SCD axis in the management of hyperlipidemia in vivo. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study employed a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mouse model to explore the lip…

Myricetin prevents lethal enterovirus infection by broadly targeting a conserved surface-exposed loops on the VP1 capsid.

BACKGROUND: Enteroviruses impose a significant global health burden, causing outbreaks of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) and severe neurological complications. Currently, no specific and broadly effective antiviral therapeutics are available due to the rapid mutation and co-circulation of diverse viral strains. The viral capsid protein VP1 is critical for viral integrity and host cell entry, making it an attractive target for drug development. Myricetin (MC) is a highly safe, naturally occurring flavonol widely distributed in medicinal plants (e.g., Myrica rubra) with well-documented eth…

β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties.

Natural bicyclic sesquiterpenes, β-caryophyllene (BCP) and β-caryophyllene oxide (BCPO), are present in a large number of plants worldwide. Both BCP and BCPO (BCP(O)) possess significant anticancer activities, affecting growth and proliferation of numerous cancer cells. Nevertheless, their antineoplastic effects have hardly been investigated in vivo. In addition, both compounds potentiate the classical drug efficacy by augmenting their concentrations inside the cells. The mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of these sesquiterpenes are poorly described. BCP is a phytocannabinoid wit

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… In contrast, Ambrož et al. 31 studies revealed that BCP isolated from Myrica rubra did not affect CaCo‐2 intestinal cancer cell viability at used doses. On the other hand, BCP isomer, α ‐humulene, exhibited significant antiproliferative activities against those cells. … Matoušková , et al. 2015 The influence of sesquiterpenes from Myrica rubra on the antiproliferative and pro‐oxidative effects of doxorubicin and Its accumulation in cancer cells . …

Role of phytoconstituents in the management of COVID-19.

BackgroundCOVID-19, a severe global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as one of the most threatening transmissible disease. As a great threat to global public health, the development of treatment options has become vital, and a rush to find a cure has mobilized researchers globally from all areas.Scope and approachThis review focuses on deciphering the potential of different secondary metabolites from medicinal plants as therapeutic options either as inhibitors of therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2 or as blockers of viral particles entry

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… Flavonoids Myricitrin Image 59 Myrica cerifera interacts with 3CLPro [ 173 ] 3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-hexahydroxy flavanone-3-O-beta-D-gluco-pyranoside Image 60 Phaseolus vulgaris protease inhibition [ 173 ] (2S)-Eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside Image 61 Phyllanthus emblica protease inhibition … Flavonoids Myricitrin | Image 59 | Myrica cerifera | interacts with 3CLPro | [ 173 ] 3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-hexahydroxy flavanone-3-O-beta-D-gluco-pyranoside | Image 60 | Phaseolus vulgaris | protease inhibition | [ 173 ] (2S)-Eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside | Image 61 | Phyllanthus emblica …

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemothe

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… Algae Cladophora and Cystoseria myrica are the major algal species that produce nanocellulose. … Similarly, the Cystoseria myrica -derived nanocellulose together with Fe 3 O 4 has been evaluated for the removal of mercury ( Zarei et al., 2018 ). …

Терапевтический потенциал диметилФумарата для обработки высококалорийной/высокосортной диетологической ожиренией.

Ожирение характеризуется несбалансированностью между потреблением энергии и расходами, которая вызывает ненормальный рост жировых тканей. Диметилфумарат (ДМП) и его первичный активный метаболит монометилфумарат (ММФ) являются активаторами Nrf2 и признаны в качестве стратегических антиоксидантов. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить потенциал MMF и DMF в плане воздействия на адипогенез и ожирение, а также выявить соответствующие молекулярные механизмы. Предадипоциты 3T3-L1 были инкубированы с дифференциальной среды (MIX) и одновременно обработаны различными концентрациями MMF.

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… Methanolic fruit extract of Myrica nagi protects the hypothalamus and attenuates inflammation associated with gold thioglucose- and high-fat diet-induced obesity via various adipokines. J. Ayurveda Integr. Med. 2023;14:100582. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100582. 54. …

The role of heat shock protein 90 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: state of the art.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) and its isoforms are a group of homodimeric proteins that regulate several cellular processes, such as the elimination of misfolded proteins, cell development and post-translational modifications of kinase proteins and receptors. Due to its involvement in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, myofibroblast differentiation and apoptosis, HSP 90 has been investigated as a key player in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common and deadly interstitial lung disease, due to the progressive distortion of lung parenchyma

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… Myricetin, a natural flavonoid derived from the tree known as Myrica rubra , exerts antineoplastic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulating effects [ 113 ]. …