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Metastatic Spread in Prostate Cancer Patients Influencing Radiotherapy Response.

Radiotherapy and surgery are curative treatment options for localized prostate cancer (PCa) with a 5-year survival rate of nearly 100%. Once PCa cells spread into distant organs, such as bone, the overall survival rate of patients drops dramatically. The metastatic cascade and organotropism of PCa cells are regulated by different cellular subtypes, organ microenvironment, and their interactions. This cross-talk leads to pre-metastatic niche formation that releases chemo-attractive factors enforcing the formation of distant metastasis. Biological characteristics of PCa metastasis impacting on m

Epigenetic and Genetic Keys to Fight HPV-Related Cancers.

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women globally, with approximately 600,000 new cases being diagnosed each year. The principal driver of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV), where viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 undertake the role of driving its carcinogenic potential. Despite extensive investigative efforts, numerous facets concerning HPV infection, replication, and pathogenesis remain shrouded in uncertainty. The virus operates through a variety of epigenetic mechanisms, and the epigenetic signature of HPV-related tumors is a major bottleneck in our

Promising Activities of Marine Natural Products against Hematopoietic Malignancies.

According to the WHO classification of tumors, more than 150 typologies of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors exist, and most of them remain incurable diseases that require innovative approaches to improve therapeutic outcome and avoid side effects. Marine organisms represent a reservoir of novel bioactive metabolites, but they are still less studied compared to their terrestrial counterparts. This review is focused on marine natural products with anticancer activity against hematological tumors, highlighting recent advances and possible perspectives. Until now, there are five commercially avai

Post-Translational Modifications in Atopic Dermatitis: Current Research and Clinical Relevance.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing cutaneous disorder characterized by compromised immune system, excessive inflammation, and skin barrier disruption. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are covalent and enzymatic modifications of proteins after their translation, which have been reported to play roles in inflammatory and allergic diseases. However, less attention has been paid to the effect of PTMs on AD. This review summarized the knowledge of six major classes (including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, glycosylation, o-glycosylation, and glycati

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… Lack of Endogenous Annexin A1 Increases Mast Cell Activation and Exacerbates Experimental Atopic Dermatitis. Cells 8, 51. 10.3390/cells8010051 Park J.-H., Ahn E.-K., Ko H.-J., Lee J. Y., Hwang S.-M., Ko S., et al. (2019). …

Role of Proteins in Oncology: Advances in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Targeted Therapy-A Narrative Review.

Modern oncology increasingly relies on the role of proteins as key components in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy. This review examines advancements in protein biomarkers across several cancer types, including breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. These biomarkers have proven critical for early detection, treatment response monitoring, and tailoring personalized therapeutic strategies. The article highlights the utility of targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, in improving treatment efficacy while

Tumor buster - where will the CAR-T cell therapy 'missile' go?

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy based on gene editing technology represents a significant breakthrough in personalized immunotherapy for human cancer. This strategy uses genetic modification to enable T cells to target tumor-specific antigens, attack specific cancer cells, and bypass tumor cell apoptosis avoidance mechanisms to some extent. This method has been extensively used to treat hematologic diseases, but the therapeutic effect in solid tumors is not ideal. Tumor antigen escape, treatment-related toxicity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME

RXR Agonists Enhance Lenalidomide Anti-Myeloma Activity and T Cell Functions while Retaining Glucose-Lowering Effect.

Retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimerizes with the PPAR nuclear hormone receptor and regulates its downstream events. We investigated the effects of RXR agonists (LG100754, bexarotene, AGN194204, and LG101506) on lenalidomide's anti-myeloma activity, T cell functions, and the level of glucose and lipids in vivo. Genetic overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments were conducted in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and Jurkat T cell lines to determine the roles of CRBN in RXR-agonist mediated effects. A xenograft mouse model of MM was established to determine the combination effect of LG

Dose-escalation studies of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for decompensated liver cirrhosis: phase Ia/Ib results and immune modulation insights.

Decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC) is characterized by severe liver dysfunction and immune dysregulation, posing significant treatment challenges. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has shown promise in DLC treatment, but the optimal dosing strategies and dose-dependent therapeutic mechanisms in humans remain unclear, limiting its clinical application. We conducted sequential Phase Ia/Ib trials using a single-arm, dose-escalation design to evaluate the safety and tolerability of MSC therapy in DLC patients while also exploring its immunomodulatory effects and gathering preliminary therape

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… The inhibitory function of CD4Treg cells was strengthened by MX1 + monocytes via the CD86-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) interaction, while the chemotaxis and phagocytosis of LGALS2 + monocytes were enhanced by Annexin A1 (ANXA1) produced by MX1 + monocytes. …

Galectins in the Pathogenesis of Common Retinal Disease.

Diseases of the retina are major causes of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries and, due to an ageing population, their prevalence is continually rising. The lack of effective therapies and the limitations of those currently in use highlight the importance of continued research into the pathogenesis of these diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in driving vascular dysfunction in retinal disease and has therefore become a key therapeutic target. Recent evidence also points to a potentially similarly important role of galectins, a family of β-g

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… Whilst the exact molecular details of galectin secretion are not fully understood, their unconventional secretory pathway appears to be also used by interleukin (IL)-1β, annexin A1 and fibroblast growth factor, with experimental evidence for direct translocation across the plasma membrane, as well as …

Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer development is highly associated to the physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite the existing heterogeneity of tumors from the same or from different anatomical locations, common features can be found in the TME maturation of epithelial-derived tumors. Genetic alterations in tumor cells result in hyperplasia, uncontrolled growth, resistance to apoptosis, and metabolic shift towards anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). These events create hypoxia, oxidative stress and acidosis within the TME triggering an adjustment of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a response

Blocking the MIF-CD74 axis augments radiotherapy efficacy for brain metastasis in NSCLC via synergistically promoting microglia M1 polarization.

BackgroundBrain metastasis is one of the main causes of recurrence and death in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although radiotherapy is the main local therapy for brain metastasis, it is inevitable that some cancer cells become resistant to radiation. Microglia, as macrophages colonized in the brain, play an important role in the tumor microenvironment. Radiotherapy could activate microglia to polarize into both the M1 and M2 phenotypes. Therefore, searching for crosstalk molecules within the microenvironment that can specifically regulate the polarization of microglia is a potential stra

Targeting the Cancer-Neuronal Crosstalk in the Pancreatic Cancer Microenvironment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the most aggressive solid tumors with a dismal prognosis and an increasing incidence. At the time of diagnosis, more than 85% of patients are in an unresectable stage. For these patients, chemotherapy can prolong survival by only a few months. Unfortunately, in recent decades, no groundbreaking therapies have emerged for PDAC, thus raising the question of how to identify novel therapeutic druggable targets to improve prognosis. Recently, the tumor microenvironment and especially its neural component has gained increasing interest in the

ISEV2025 Резюме книги.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

ISEV2021 Abstract Book

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Экстраклектные везикли для клинической диагностики: от массовых измерений до одновидового анализа.

Экстраклектные везикулы (ЭМ) играют ключевую роль в межклеточном общении, сигнальных путях и патогенезе заболеваний, перевозя биомолекулы, такие, как ДНК, РНК, белки и липиды, полученные из клеток их происхождения, и они продемонстрировали значительный потенциал в области клинического применения. Их клиническое значение подчеркивает необходимость применения чувствительных методов для полной реализации их диагностического потенциала. В рамках этого всеобъемлющего обзора мы изучаем гетерогенность ЭМ, связанную с биогенезом, структурой, содержанием, происхождением, типом выборки и функциональными

ISEV2019 Abstract Book

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Карвацоль Ойл как нейропоохранный агент: обзор дизайна исследований и последних достижений.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания в основном воспринимаются как болезни стареющего населения, однако сегодня в день эти заболевания представляют угрозу для населения всех возрастных групп, несмотря на значительное улучшение качества жизни. Согласно сообщениям, почти все основные масла (ЭО) обладают определенными нейрозащитными способностями и на протяжении столетий использовались в качестве добавок к хорошему психическому здоровью. Этот обзор свидетельствует о терапевтическом потенциале одного такого монотерпенового фенола, карвакрула (CV), который может быть использован в качестве основного тер

Recent advances in management of COVID-19: A review.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused and is still causing significant mortality and economic consequences all over the globe. As of today, there are three U.S Food and Drug administration (FDA) approved vaccines, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. Also, the antiviral drug remdesivir and two combinations of monoclonal antibodies are authorized for Emergency use (EUA) in certain patients. Furthermore, baricitinib was approved in Japan (April 23, 2021). Despite available vaccines and EUA, pharmacological therapy for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 i

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… Additionally, this binding upregulates anti-inflammatory mediators IL-10, annexin A1 and lipocortin-1. When a higher dose of dexamethasone is used, the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect result from a nongenomic pathway. …

Natural products as metabolic modulators to enhance cancer immunotherapy: reprogramming the tumor microenvironment.

Cancer remains a major global health challenge, and although immunotherapy has achieved remarkable breakthroughs, its efficacy is often limited by tumor-induced immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic reprogramming plays a pivotal role in shaping the TME and regulating antitumor immune responses. Targeting tumor and immune cell metabolism has therefore become a promising strategy to enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. This review first summarizes the metabolic reprogramming that occurs within the TME, including altera

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… Phospholipase A2 drives tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness through its interaction with annexin A1 . Cells . ( 2021 ) 10 : 1472 . doi: 10.3390/cells10061472 , PMID: 34208346 PMC8231270 74 Buhmeida A Bendardaf R Hilska M Laine J Collan Y Laato M . …

Роль кишечника микробиота-митохондрия в нейродегенерации: основополагающие механизмы и потенциальные методы лечения.

Появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что микробиота кишечника тесно связана с патологическими проявлениями множественных нейродегенеративных заболеваний через ось кишечника, которая относится к перекрестку между кишечником и центральной нервной системой. Еще важнее то, что митохондрия считается выдающимся посредником взаимодействия между кишечной микробиотой и мозгом. Кишечные микробы могут модифицировать функцию митохондриала в центральной нервной системе, чтобы повлиять на развитие нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Митохондрия необходима для удовлетворения значительных потребностей носи