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Разработка мероприятий по профилактике ВИЧ для новых взрослых МШМ с историей сплочения: качественное исследование.

Опыт, связанный с издевательствами в детстве или подростковом возрасте, влияет на состояние здоровья взрослого человека и является кризисом в области общественного здравоохранения. Особенно страдают молодые люди из числа сексуальных меньшинств, которые подвергаются наибольшему риску жестокого и насильственного издевательства, сероконверсии в связи с ВИЧ и возникновения расстройства, связанного с употреблением наркотиков. Несмотря на то, что научная работа в области борьбы с издевательствами виктимизацией за последние несколько лет позволила добиться значительных успехов за счет совершенствован

Keyword Index for Volume 106

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Couples Coping With Hematological Cancer: Support Within and Outside the Couple - Findings From a Qualitative Analysis of Dyadic Interviews.

ObjectiveCancer affects the patients as well as their partners. Couples use different strategies to cope with cancer and the associated burden: individual coping, dyadic coping, and support from the social network and from professional health care. The aim of this qualitative dyadic interviews is to gain a deeper and more differentiated understanding of the support system inside and outside of the couple.MethodsTen heterosexual couples (patients: seven men and three women) with different ages (patients: range = 22-75; spouses: range = 22-74), different hematological cancer (e.g., acute myeloid

Telemedicine-Supported Exercise Interventions in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Scoping Review.

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative therapy for various hematologic conditions. Though physical exercise has been shown to positively affect physical and psychosocial function in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, they often face multiple barriers to accessing comprehensive exercise-based rehabilitation programs. Telemedicine has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these challenges by facilitating remote exercise interventions and potentially improving patient outcomes.ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to map the curren

Взгляды пациентов и группы по уходу за почками на лечащую нагрузку и способность пожилых людей с хроническими заболеваниями почек: качественное исследование.

ЦЕЛЬ: Хроническая болезнь почек (КХД) часто является множественным заболеванием, а прогрессирование к более серьезным заболеваниям, как правило, связано с увеличением потребностей в управлении, включая изменение образа жизни, увеличение количества медикаментов и расширение участия клинических работников. В ходе этого исследования были изучены взгляды группы по уходу за пациентами и почками на характер и масштабы этой рабочей нагрузки (нагрузка на лечение), а также факторы, способствующие укреплению способности (способности управлять здоровьем) пожилых людей, имеющих ККД. DESIGN: Качественное п

Depoliticisation, Resilience and the Herceptin Post-Code Lottery Crisis: Holding Back the Tide.

Research Highlights and Abstract This article: Covers new empirical terrain in the study of depoliticisation, with an in-depth case study of health technology regulation;Analyses depoliticisation from a novel analytical perspective, examining how depoliticised institutions are resilient to external pressure for politicisation;Posits a distinctive framework for analysing resilience, drawing on cognate literatures on policy networks and agencification;Raises interesting and distinctive questions about the nature of depoliticisation in advanced liberal democracies, arguing it is more contested th

Interpreting Randomized Controlled Trials.

This article describes rationales and limitations for making inferences based on data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We argue that obtaining a representative random sample from a patient population is impossible for a clinical trial because patients are accrued sequentially over time and thus comprise a convenience sample, subject only to protocol entry criteria. Consequently, the trial's sample is unlikely to represent a definable patient population. We use causal diagrams to illustrate the difference between random allocation of interventions within a clinical trial sample and tru

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy and Its Significance in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) has a five-year prevalence worldwide of 230,000 people and is known as the second most common hematological malignancy within the United States. Extensive research has been conducted to gain a wide range of treatment strategies, providing hope to these patients. Combination therapy using chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs are the current management of choice. After the introduction of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, promising results have been evidenced. In this therapy, T cells are derived from the patient and modified in-vitr

Second-Class Care: How Immigration Law Transforms Clinical Practice in the Safety Net.

This article examines how U.S. immigration law extends into the health care safety net, enacting medical legal violence that diminishes noncitizens' health chances and transforms clinical practices. Drawing on interviews with health care workers in three U.S. states from 2015 to 2020, I ask how federal citizenship-based exclusions within an already stratified health care system shape the clinical trajectories of noncitizens in safety-net institutions. Focusing specifically on cancer care, I find that increasingly anti-immigrant federal policies often reshape clinical practices toward noncitize

Analysis of the Factors Influencing Enterprise and Government Participation in the Medicines Patent Pool Based on System Dynamics Model.

BackgroundThe participation of enterprises and governments in the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP) improves the disease management levels by enhancing the accessibility of medical resources. Non-participation of the stakeholders restricts the development of the MPP. Hence, systematic analysis of the key factors influencing MPP participation is necessary.MethodsA system dynamics model of the market before and after enterprises and governments join the MPP was constructed by considering the economic benefits of both stakeholders. The effects of generic drug prices, royalty rates, pooling subsidies, a

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Yue analyzed the patent strategies of enterprises based on the economic game theory model and found that non-monopoly innovative enterprises were more likely to join ( 19 ). Layne-Farrar et al. agreed with this notion ( 20 ). …

Interpretability and fairness evaluation of deep learning models on MIMIC-IV dataset.

The recent release of large-scale healthcare datasets has greatly propelled the research of data-driven deep learning models for healthcare applications. However, due to the nature of such deep black-boxed models, concerns about interpretability, fairness, and biases in healthcare scenarios where human lives are at stake call for a careful and thorough examination of both datasets and models. In this work, we focus on MIMIC-IV (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care, version IV), the largest publicly available healthcare dataset, and conduct comprehensive analyses of interpretability as w

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… An efficient explanation of individual classifications using game theory. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 2010;11:1–18. 17. Molnar C. Interpretable Machine Learning. NewYork: Lulu. com; 2020. 18. Suresh, H. et al. …

Involvement of Resveratrol against Brain Cancer: A Combination Strategy with a Pharmaceutical Approach.

A brain tumor (BT) is a condition in which there is growth or uncontrolled development of the brain cells, which usually goes unrecognized or is diagnosed at the later stages. Since the mechanism behind BT is not clear, and the various physiological conditions are difficult to diagnose, the success rate of BT is not very high. This is the central issue faced during drug development and clinical trials with almost all types of neurodegenerative disorders. In the first part of this review, we focus on the concept of brain tumors, their barriers, and the types of delivery possible to target the b

Keyword Index for Volume 109

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Возможности и препятствия для глубокого изучения биологии и медицины.

Глубокое обучение описывает класс алгоритмов машинного обучения, которые способны объединять исходные ресурсы в слои промежуточных характеристик. Эти алгоритмы недавно продемонстрировали впечатляющие результаты в различных областях. Биология и медицина являются богатыми данными дисциплинами, однако данные являются сложными и зачастую недопонятными. Поэтому методы глубокого обучения могут быть особенно подходящими для решения проблем в этих областях. Мы изучаем возможности углубленного изучения различных биомедицинских проблем - стационарная классификация, фундаментальные биологические процессы

Development of a Multimodal Machine Learning Model for Predicting Second Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

PURPOSE: Osteoporosis increases the probability of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), and the resultant pain severely limits physical activity and increases mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to develop a high-precision multimodal prediction model to forecast the risk of a second OVCF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 178 patients from a single institution with a first OVCF between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019. The study dataset included 18 preoperative clinical variables, including demographics, medications, comorbidities, bone miner

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In this study, the best-performing model was further interpreted using feature importance and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis. 21 Based on game theory, we quantified the positive and negative contributions of each variable to the model. …

Utilities measured by rating scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble: review and reference for health care professionals.

Utility is a simple expression of health-related quality of life in individuals with different states of health. A number of studies on utility measurements were conducted and published in the past. We retrieved 164 English-language articles which appeared in 1966 through 1999 for a systematic review. The number of reports has been increasing at an accelerating pace, especially during the past decade. The most widely used method of utility measurement was time trade-off, TTO (40%), followed by rating scale, RS (31%) and standard gamble, SG (29%). The utility of chronic health status was more f

49th ESCP virtual symposium on clinical pharmacy 19.10.2021-21.10.2021 Clinical pharmacy, working collaboratively in mental health care.

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Вирус Эпштейн-Барр, витамин D и иммунная реакция: связи с последствиями множественного склероза.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS) без какого-либо окончательного запуска. Однако эпидемиологические исследования показывают, что важными факторами риска являются такие экологические факторы, как инфекция вируса Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) и низкий уровень витамина D (вид D) у генетически предрасположенных лиц. Одно из ведущих предложений заключается в том, что EBV приводит в действие MS с помощью таких механизмов, как молекулярная имитация, где активированные автоматически реактивные B и T лимфоциты ошибочно нацелены на самоантигены. В соответствии

Investigating socioecological obesogenic factors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Obesity-related information in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is limited, and research findings are contradictory. Thus, this study aimed to use a nationwide non-clinical sample to examine the association of sociological factors with overweight status in children with ASD and reveal the degree of differences in the risk factors for overweight in children with and without ASD. The data for this cross-sectional study, based on the modified ecological system theory model, were obtained from the 2019 National Survey of Children's Health. The weighted logistic regressions were perform

A qualitative study of cancer survivors' exercise behaviour 4 months after a telerehabilitation program.

PURPOSE: Although telerehabilitation can improve access to exercise programs for cancer survivors, it is not known if these programs lead to ongoing change in exercise habits. This study explored participant experiences of exercise 4 months after finishing specialized cancer exercise-based telerehabilitation. METHOD: A qualitative study embedded in a randomized controlled trial evaluated exercise-based cancer telerehabilitation delivered in groups. Data were collected via semistructured interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Seventeen adult cancer survivors (age 21 to 8