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Secreted proteins of tobacco cultured BY2 cells: identification of a new member of pathogenesis-related proteins.

Cultured cells of tobacco BY2 secrete more than 100 proteins into culture medium. Six major proteins were purified, and partial protein sequences were determined. Five of them were found to be similar to an ascorbic acid oxidase, three peroxidase isozymes and a beta-1,3-exoglucanase, respectively. A cDNA clone encoding the remaining polypeptide, whose amino acid sequence showed no similarity with earlier reported proteins, was isolated. It encoded a putative 27 kDa protein of 242 amino acids with resemblance to WCI-5, a wheat protein induced by benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-meth

Molecular characterization and expression of three galactinol synthase genes that confer stress tolerance in Salvia miltiorrhiza.

To adapt to changes in their growing environment, plants express several stress-responsive genes. For example, the products of galactinol synthase (Gols) genes play a key role in regulating the levels of raffinose family oligosaccharides and conferring resistance to stress. We cloned and characterized three Gols genes in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their expression followed three distinct patterns. Compared with the control, SmGols1 was up-regulated by temperature changes but was suppressed by exposure to methyl jasmonate or short-term drought. This gene had the greatest abundance of transcripts and

A role for PacMYBA in ABA-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-colored sweet cherry cv. Hong Deng (Prunus avium L.).

The MYB transcription factors and plant hormone ABA have been suggested to play a role in fruit anthocyanin biosynthesis, but supporting genetic evidence has been lacking in sweet cherry. The present study describes the first functional characterization of an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, PacMYBA, from red-colored sweet cherry cv. Hong Deng (Prunus avium L.). Transient promoter assays demonstrated that PacMYBA physically interacted with several anthocyanin-related basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors to activate the promoters of PacDFR, PacANS and PacUFGT, which are thought to

Regulated deficit irrigation was associated with altered stem hormones and carbon metabolism that improved yield and lodging-related traits in drip-irrigated spring wheat.

Water scarcity is becoming increasingly severe, while the demand for stable and high-yield wheat production continues to rise. Under these c … n + zeatin riboside, Z + ZR; gibberellin/indole-3-acetic acid, GA/IAA, and zeatin + zeatin riboside/abscisic acid, (Z + ZR)/ABA). Moreover, T1 markedly stimulated the activities of key enzymes involved in sucrose and fructan metabolism, thereby promoting the accumulation of NSC in wheat stems. Consequently, T1 promoted greater grain yield (1.79%-14.01%). In add …

Wheat Drought Management: A Broader Prospect.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is considered one of the most important cereals globally, contributing significantly to the human population's … mes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, etc., osmotic adjustment, abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation, expression of dehydration proteins called dehydrin, etc., contribute towards drought tolerance. This comprehensive review investigates the intricate interactions between drought and various wheat genotypes, emphasizing their subs …

Mineral nutrient acquisition under stress: Sensing, signaling, and transportation.

Plants commonly face abiotic stressors like drought, salinity, and limited nutrient availability which disrupt the homeostatic networks of m … modulate nitrate homeostasis under water and nutrient stress. NRT1.1 activity is also modulated by abscisic acid (ABA) via the PP2C-type phosphatase ABI2, which regulates its phosphorylation status and thereby its nitrate transport capacity. This highlights a direct point of integration between ABA and nitrogen signaling (Leran et al., 2015). Perception of pho …

Nitric oxide production occurs downstream of reactive oxygen species in guard cells during stomatal closure induced by chitosan in abaxial epidermis of Pisum sativum.

The effects of chitosan (beta-1,4 linked glucosamine, a fungal elicitor), on the patterns of stomatal movement and signaling components were studied. cPTIO (NO scavenger), sodium tungstate (nitrate reductase inhibitor) or L: -NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) restricted the chitosan induced stomatal closure, demonstrating that NO is an essential factor. Similarly, catalase (H(2)O(2) scavenger) or DPI [NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor] and BAPTA-AM or BAPTA (calcium chelators) prevented chitosan induced stomatal closure, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium were involved during such re

Nitric oxide acts as an antioxidant and delays programmed cell death in barley aleurone layers.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a freely diffusible, gaseous free radical and an important signaling molecule in animals. In plants, NO influences aspects of growth and development, and can affect plant responses to stress. In some cases, the effects of NO are the result of its interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS). These interactions can be cytotoxic or protective. Because gibberellin (GA)-induced programmed cell death (PCD) in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Himalaya) aleurone layers is mediated by ROS, we examined the effects of NO donors on PCD and ROS-metabolizing enzymes in this system. NO dono

Оценка терпимости к засухе на большом числе горных хлопковых заводов (Gosypium hirsutum L.) в рамках различных режимов ирригации на стадии селекции.

Завод по производству хлопка имеет важное значение, поскольку он обеспечивает сырьем различные отрасли промышленности. Несмотря на то, что хлопок, как правило, является устойчивым к засухе, на нем негативно сказывается долгосрочная засуха. Испытание проводилось в соответствии с прикладной экспериментальной конструкцией в качестве полностью произвольной конструкции (CRD) three тиражирование для определения группы экспертов 93 Генотипы хлопка в ответ на засуху в контролируемых условиях 2022. Все генотипы были покрыты водой 80 mL-1 Водные ресурсы100% ирригация, полевая мощность) three Появлялись

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… ABI4 mediates abscisic acid and cytokinin inhibition of lateral root formation by reducing polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2010;22:3560–3573. doi: 10.1105/tpc.110.074641. 78. … Analysis of cytokinin mutants and regulation of cytokinin metabolic genes reveals important regulatory roles of cytokinins in drought, salt and abscisic acid responses, and abscisic acid biosynthesis. Plant Cell. 2011;23:2169–2183. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.087395. 79. Benková E. …

Arsenic Sulfide Induces Apoptosis in Myelodysplastic Neoplasm Cells Through the Suppression of ABI2.

BackgroundMyelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are a category of myeloid malignancies that can progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Arsenic sulfide (As₂S₂) has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of MDS. However, further investigation is required to elucidate its specific therapeutic targets.ObjectiveTo examine the influence of ABI2 on MDS and clarify the regulatory role of As₂S₂ on ABI2 within the therapeutic framework of MDS.MethodsTo explore ABI2's role in the expression and prognosis of patients with hematological malignancies, RNA interference was used to reduce ABI2 expression in SKM-

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… ABI2, or Abscisic Acid Insensitive 2, is a type 2 C protein phosphatase that plays a crucial role in various signaling pathways in cells [ 7 , 8 ]. In recent years, the role and mechanism of ABI2 in various tumors have attracted extensive attention [ 9 ]. … Abscisic acid inhibits type 2 C protein phosphatases via the PYR/PYL family of START proteins. Science. 2009;324:1068–71. 19407142 10.1126/science.1173041 PMC2827199 8. …

Терапевтическая ориентация на нейроинфламацию, вызванную ожирением, и нейродегенерацию.

Ожирение является одним из основных из изменяемых факторов риска, ведущих к нейроинфламмации и нейродегенерации. Чрезмерное содержание жира в ожирении способствует постепенному проникновению иммунных клеток в жировые ткани, что приводит к высвобождению провоспалительных факторов, таких, как цитокины и адипокины. Эти подстрекательские посредники циркулируют по кровотоку, пропагандируя воспаление как на периферии, так и в центральной нервной системе. Гут дисбиоз, который приводит к утечке кишечного барьера, усугубляет воспаление и играет важную роль в увязке ожирения с патогенезом нейроинфламмац

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… Similarly, other unsaturated fatty acids such as ω9, stearic acid, flax seed and olive oil also significantly reduced inflammatory states within hypothalamus of HFD rats and mice ( 147 ). α-lipoic acid reduced TNF and IL-6 in HFD ovariectomized rats ( 148 ) and abscisic acid reduced TNF and microglial …

A Novel Paradigm for Targeting Challenging Targets: Advancing Technologies and Future Directions of Molecular Glue Degraders.

Molecular glue degraders (MGDs) constitute a class of innovative therapeutic agents within the field of targeted protein degradation (TPD). In contrast to proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), MGDs induce protein degradation by stabilizing the interaction between an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a target protein. They typically exhibit favorable drug-like characteristics, including lower molecular weight and enhanced bioavailability. Although their discovery was historically serendipitous, recent advances in high-throughput screening, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence are enabling more

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… For example, one study reported an abscisic acid (ABA)-based theranostic molecular glue, ABA-Fe(II)-F1 ( Figure 15 ). It links ABA with a near-infrared fluorophore DCM through a unique carbamoyl oxime linker. …

Advances in MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Single Cell and Tissues.

Compared with conventional optical microscopy techniques, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) or imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a powerful, label-free analytical technique, which can sensitively and simultaneously detect, quantify, and map hundreds of biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, lipid, and other organic compounds in cells and tissues. So far, although several soft ionization techniques, such as desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been used for imaging biomolecules, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is still t

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… Derivatization for Detection of Abscisic Acid and 12-Oxo-Phytodienoic Acid Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass. Spectrom. 32, 1565–1572. 10.1002/rcm.8200 Esteve C., Tolner E. A., Shyti R., Van Den Maagdenberg A. M., Mcdonnell L. …

RNA modifications in cancer.

RNA modifications are emerging as critical cancer regulators that influence tumorigenesis and progression. Key modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytosine (m5C), are implicated in various cellular processes. These modifications are regulated by proteins that write, erase, and read RNA and modulate RNA stability, splicing, translation, and degradation. Recent studies have highlighted their roles in metabolic reprogramming, signaling pathways, and cell cycle control, which are essential for tumor proliferation and survival. Despite these scientific advances, the precise

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… m 1 A regulates cancer cell glycolysis. 227 Xie et al. 324 developed an abscisic acid‐induced reversible m 1 A demethylation tool (AI‐dm 1 A) to facilitate photoinduced m 1 A methylation or demethylation. …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer: from mechanism to therapeutic implications.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as critical secondary messengers in various intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival under normal physiological conditions. However, dysregulation of redox signaling-driven by genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and posttranscriptional or posttranslational modifications-plays a central role in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Cancer cells typically exhibit elevated basal ROS levels due to increased metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oncogene activation. This mode

33rd Европейский конгресс патологии - резюме.

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