Результаты поиска

Comprehensive Bioinformatic Assessments of the Variability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Vaccine Candidates.

A protective vaccine is the only viable way to stop the spread of gonorrhea in the face of rising antibiotic resistance. However, the notori … are important, as they reveal promising, conserved gonorrhea vaccine candidates and aid structural vaccinology. Moreover, these approaches are broadly applicable to other infectious diseases where surface antigen variability impedes successful vaccine design.

Immunisation of cattle against Babesia bovis combining a multi-epitope modified vaccinia Ankara virus and a recombinant protein induce strong Th1 cell responses but fails to trigger neutralising antibodies required for protection.

Protection against the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite Babesia bovis depends on both strong innate and adaptive immune response, this latter involving the presentation of parasite antigens to CD4+ T-lymphocytes by professional antigen-presenting cells. Secretion of Th1 cytokines by CD4+ T cell is also very important for isotype switching to IgG2, the best opsonising antibody isotype in cattle, to target extracellular parasites and parasite antigens displayed at the erythrocyte surface. In the field of vaccinology, heterologous prime-boost schemes combining protein-adjuvant formulations wi…

[Sequencing analysis of the antigens included in the four-component  vaccine against serogroup B meningococcus in Czech isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from 2007-2013].

OBJECTIVE: Study of the antigens included in the newly registered four-component vaccine against meningococcus B (MenB vaccine) produced by the reverse vaccinology method and assessment of the potential of the vaccine for use in the Czech Republic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Czech isolates of Neisseria meningitidis were screened for four antigens: fHbp (factor H binding protein), NHBA (Neisseria heparin binding antigen), NadA (neisserial adhesin A), and PorA P1.4 outer membrane protein. A total of 304 N. meningitidis isolates from 2007-2013 were included in the study: 262 isolates from invasive me…

The critical role of artificial intelligence and bioinformatics in accelerating peptide-based vaccine discovery for tackling global infectious diseases.

Peptide-based vaccines, enabled by bioinformatics and machine learning (ML), have emerged as one of the most promising approaches for rapid, … itro and in vivo experiments. This review contextualizes the historical trajectory of peptide-based vaccinology, from early linear epitope discoveries in the 1960s to multi-epitope constructs and clinically tested candidates such as UB-612 and PepGNP-Covid19. It examines critical challenges in immunoinformatics, including performance gaps in epitope predictio …

Структурное определение Рикиттсии липид А без химической экстракции подтверждает короткую ацильную цепь в пятнах патогенов группы пятен с последующей эмиссией лихорадки.

Рикетсиа - это "Грэм-отрицательный" интраклелярные паразиты многочисленных эукариотов. Человеческие патогены переходной группы (TRG), группы тифа (Thus) и группы пятнистой лихорадки (SFG) рикетсиаэ инфекционные артроподы кровопитания имеют разнородные клинические проявления и обладают уникальными геномными и морфологическими свойствами. Не имея гликолиза, рикетсиа пилфер много метаболитов от хост-цитозола для синтеза пептидогликана и липополизакарида (LPS). Для ЛПС антигенная иммуногенность варьируется в зависимости от патогенов SFG и TG; однако липидный потенциал A неизвестен. Ранее мы демонс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Rickettsiae are Gram-negative obligate intracellular parasites of numerous eukaryotes. Human pathogens of the transitional group (TRG), typh … to different Rickettsia pathogens and utilizing lipid A adjuvant or anti-inflammatory properties in vaccinology.

Bioinformatics and immunoinformatics assisted multiepitope vaccine construct against Burkholderia anthina.

Burkholderia anthina is a pathogenic bacterial species belonging to the Burkholderiaceae family and it is mainly considered the etiological agent of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases associated with cystic fibrosis, due to being intrinsic antibiotic resistant making it difficult to treat pulmonary infections. Hence increased rate of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species vaccine development is the priority to tackle this problem. In research work, we designed a multi-epitope-based vaccine construct against B. anthina using reverse vaccinology immunoinformatics and biophysical approaches. …

Safety and immunogenicity of a simian-adenovirus-vectored rabies vaccine: an open-label, non-randomised, dose-escalation, first-in-human, single-centre, phase 1 clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Rabies kills around 60 000 people each year. ChAdOx2 RabG, a simian adenovirus-vectored rabies vaccine candidate, might have potential to provide low-cost single-dose pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis. This first-in-human study aimed to evaluate its safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults. METHODS: We did a single-centre phase 1 study of ChAdOx2 RabG, administered as a single intramuscular dose, with non-randomised open-label dose escalation at the Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Oxford, UK. Healthy adults were sequentially allocated to groups receiving lo…

Preclinical Characterization of Immunogenicity and Efficacy against Diarrhea from MecVax, a Multivalent Enterotoxigenic E. coli Vaccine Candidate.

There are no vaccines licensed for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a leading cause of diarrhea for children in developing countries and international travelers. Virulence heterogeneity among strains and difficulties identifying safe antigens for protective antibodies against STa, a potent but poorly immunogenic heat-stable toxin which plays a key role in ETEC diarrhea, are challenges in ETEC vaccine development. To overcome these challenges, we applied a toxoid fusion strategy and a novel epitope- and structure-based multiepitope fusion antigen (MEFA) vaccinology platform to construct…

Stability-centric Development of mRNA Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review of Design, Delivery, and Regulatory Considerations.

INTRODUCTION: Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology has recently emerged as a revolutionary platform in modern immunology and vaccinology. Unlike conventional vaccines that rely on attenuated pathogens or protein subunits, mRNA vaccines deliver genetic instructions to host cells to produce antigenic proteins that trigger robust immune responses. The widespread success during the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated global interest in this platform. However, challenges such as mRNA instability, degradation by extracellular RNases, and delivery barriers still limit its broader application in other th…

The magnitude and durability of neutralizing antibody responses to human papillomavirus vaccine do not depend on DNA sensing pathways.

How human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines elicit robust and enduring neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses is unknown, yet such information is valuable to vaccinology. In addition to the major capsid protein, L1, the 4-valent HPV vaccine reportedly also contains recombinant L1 DNA. Nucleic acids in vaccines enhance antibody responses and are employed as adjuvants, but whether L1 DNA enhances HPV vaccine antibody responses is understudied. We tested whether 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccine lots contained L1 DNA and if peak or long-term 9vHPV vaccine-elicited nAb responses were dependent on DNA sensor…

Design and Validation of a Multi-Epitope mRNA Vaccine Construct Against Human Monkeypox Virus (hMPXV) by Annotating Protein of Intracellular Mature Virus (IMV) Form of hMPXV.

Background: hMPXV poses a major public health risk due to its human-to-human transmissibility, severe complications, especially in immunocompromised individuals, and global spread, necessitating effective surveillance and stringent prophylactic measures to mitigate its colossal impact. Objective: The study aimed to annotate hMPXV(IMV) proteins to propose a potential reverse vaccinology-based vaccine against hMPXV. Methods: The target MPXV(IMV) protein's sequences, formatted in FASTA, were sourced from genome/proteome databases (BV-BRC and UniProt) (accessed on 6 November 2024), followed by CD-…

Bioinformatics-Driven mRNA-Based Vaccine Design for Controlling Tinea Cruris Induced by Trichophyton rubrum.

Tinea cruris, a dermatophyte fungal infection predominantly caused by Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum, primarily affects th … eome of T. rubrum, identifying potential protein candidates for vaccine development through reverse vaccinology. Immunogenic epitopes from these candidates were mapped and integrated into multitope vaccines and reverse translated to construct mRNA vaccines. Then, the mRNA was translated and computationally assessed for physicochemical, chemical, and immunolog …

Proteome-Wide Screening of Potential Vaccine Targets against Brucella melitensis.

The ongoing antibiotic-resistance crisis is becoming a global problem affecting public health. Urgent efforts are required to design novel t … thogen core proteome was screened for good vaccine candidates using subtractive proteomics, reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatic tools. In total, 10 proteins: catalase; siderophore ABC transporter substrate-binding protein; pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase; superoxide dismutase; peptidylprolyl isomerase; superoxide dismutase family protein; septation pro …

Structural determination of Rickettsia lipid A without chemical extraction confirms shorter acyl chains in later-evolving Spotted Fever Group pathogens.

UNLABELLED: Rickettsiae are Gram-negative obligate intracellular parasites of numerous eukaryotes. Human pathogens of the Transitional Group … to different Rickettsia pathogens and utilizing lipid A adjuvant or anti-inflammatory properties in vaccinology.

Outer membrane vesicles engineered to express membrane-bound antigen program dendritic cells for cross-presentation to CD8+ T cells.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are vesicular nano-particles produced by Gram-negative bacteria that are recently being explored as vaccine vector. The fact that OMVs can be efficiently produced by a hypervesiculating Salmonella typhimurium strain, are packed with naturally-occurring adjuvants like lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and can be engineered to express any antigen of choice, makes them ideal candidates for vaccinology. However, it is unclear whether OMVs induce dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen-specific T cell responses and how immune activation is coordinated. Here, we show that OMVs i…

SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies that maximize breadth and resistance to escape.

An ideal therapeutic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody would resist viral escape1-3, have activity against diverse sarbecoviruses4-7, and be highly protective through viral neutralization8-11 and effector functions12,13. Understanding how these properties relate to each other and vary across epitopes would aid the development of therapeutic antibodies and guide vaccine design. Here we comprehensively characterize escape, breadth and potency across a panel of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Despite a trade-off between in vitro neutralization potency and breadth of sarb

Characterization of a novel Leishmania antigen containing a repetitive domain and its potential use as a prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine.

UNLABELLED: Human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) is the second most lethal tropical parasitic disease. Currently, no prophylactic or therapeut … ghlight rLinKAP as a promising vaccine candidate for leishmaniasis. IMPORTANCE: A previous reverse vaccinology study identified kinetoplast-associated protein-like protein from Leishmania infantum (LinKAP) as a potential new vaccine target, as this protein was recognized by the sera of protected mice in extracts of Leishmania promastigotes. Interestingly, Li …

Identification of immunodominant Bartonella bacilliformis proteins: a combined in-silico and serology approach.

BACKGROUND: Bartonella bacilliformis is the aetiological agent of Carrión's disease, a biphasic and highly lethal illness formerly restricted to the South American Andes that is now spreading to adjacent areas. Reliable serodiagnostic approaches and vaccines are urgently needed. In this study, we aimed to identify immunodominant proteins of B bacilliformis and to establish novel and reliable serodiagnostic tools. METHODS: We used a reverse vaccinology approach in combination with an analysis of heterologous genomic expression libraries to identify immunodominant proteins, on the basis of the …

Safety and immunogenicity of an adenoviral-vectored vaccine against Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in the UK (CCHF01): an open-label, first-in-human, non-randomised, phase 1 clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: There are no approved vaccines for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), which remains a WHO priority pathogen for vaccine development. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx2 Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a novel, non-replicating adenoviral-vectored vaccine, in a first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial. METHODS: CCHF01 was an open-label, first-in-human, non-randomised, phase 1 trial conducted at a single centre, the University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine in Oxford, UK. Healthy adults aged 18-55 years, with no co…

Beyond strain-specific immunity: Conserved antigenic targets, emerging platforms, and translational challenges in universal influenza and pan-coronavirus vaccine development.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of respiratory viral disease is shaped by two enduring threats: influenza, responsible for 290,000-650,000 ann … subtypes, and viral genera-represents the most strategically consequential frontier in contemporary vaccinology and pandemic preparedness. OBJECTIVE: This comparative narrative review provides an integrated synthesis of universal influenza vaccine (UIV) and pan-coronavirus vaccine (UCV) development, critically evaluating conserved immunological targets, adva …