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PPARs in Irradiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity.

The use of radiation therapy to treat cancer inevitably involves exposure of normal tissues. Although the benefits of this treatment are well established, many patients experience distressing complications due to injury to normal tissue. These side effects are related to inflammatory processes, and they decrease therapeutic benefit by increasing the overall treatment time. Emerging evidence indicates that PPARs and their ligands are important in the modulation of immune and inflammatory reactions. This paper discusses the effects of abdominal irradiation on PPARs, their role and functions in i

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… Reduction of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ expression by γ-irradiation as a mechanism contributing to inflammatory response in rat colon: modulation by the 5-aminosalicylic acid agonist. … A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic acid for the prevention of radiation enteritis. Clinical Oncology. 1993;5(1):19–24. doi: 10.1016/s0936-6555(05)80689-2. 100. Kiliç D, Egehan I, Ozenirler S, Dursun A. …

Research prioritization of men's health and urologic diseases.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether disease representation in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) reflects disease burden, measured by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two investigators performed independent assessment of ten men's health and urologic diseases (MHUDs) in CDSR for systematic review and protocol representation, which were compared with percentage of total 2010 DALYs for the ten conditions. Data were analyzed for correlation using Spearman rank analysis. RESULTS: Nine of ten MHUDs we

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… acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis (R) Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (R) Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non-tubal infertility (R) Vasectomy occlusion techniques for male sterilization (R) Steroid … acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis (R) | Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (R) | Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non-tubal infertility (R) | Vasectomy occlusion techniques for male sterilization (R) …

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND: Antibiotics have been considered to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) due to their antimicrobial properties against intestinal bacte … (847 participants). One maintenance of remission study used sole antibiotic therapy compared with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). All other trials used concurrent medications or standard care regimens and antibiotics as an adjunct therapy or compared antibiotics with other adjunct therapies to examine the effect on induction of remission. There is high certainty evide …

Спровоцированный Окрелизумабом критический анализ колитита и ряд примеров из румынской группы пациентов, больных с синдромом MS.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Широкое использование острелизумаба, anti-CD20 Для лечения пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS) моноклональные антитела привели к увеличению числа сообщений о неблагоприятных явлениях после наблюдения в реальном мире. Среди них колит, вызванный наркотиками, является редким, но серьезным побочным эффектом, побудительным к недавнему заявлению УЛХ в отношении этой проблемы безопасности. Цели: Мы проанализировали группу пациентов, которые лечили оррелизумаб в нашем центре MS, чтобы оценить распространенность колита, вызванного наркотиками. МЕТОДЫ: Мы представляем критиче

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… Aminosalicylates Mesalamine/ mesalazine/ 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) administered orally are an important pillar in the treatment of IBD and were also used in some of the case reports of anti-CD20 induced colitis ( 16 , 33 ). …

Practical guidance for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with cancer. Which treatment?

Clinicians involved in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increasingly come across patients with current or previous history of malignancies. With increasing and earlier use of immunosuppression and biologics in IBD patients, the question arises whether these treatments further increase the risk of new or recurrent cancers. A number of population-based observational studies have now reported the odds of development of new or recurrent cancers with thiopurines and antitumour necrosis factors (anti-TNFs). These data combined with data arising from treatment registries from other i

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… Chemo preventive effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid on inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer and dysplasia: a systematic review with meta-analysis . Oncotarget 2017 ; 8 : 1031 – 1045 . 27906680 10.18632/oncotarget.13715 PMC5352032 37 Velayos FS Terdiman JP Walsh JM. … Gastroenterology 1999 ; 116 : 602 – 609 . 10029619 10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70182-4 PMC3606885 39 Kennedy M Wilson L Szabo C et al . 5-aminosalicylic acid inhibits iNOS transcription in human intestinal epithelial cells . …

Treating children with inflammatory bowel disease: Current and new perspectives.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gut characterised by alternating periods of remission and relapse. Whilst the mechanism underlying this disease is yet to be fully understood, old and newer generation treatments can only target selected pathways of this complex inflammatory process. This narrative review aims to provide an update on the most recent advances in treatment of paediatric IBD. A MEDLINE search was conducted using "paediatric inflammatory bowel disease", "paediatric Crohn's disease", "paediatric ulcerative colitis", "treatment", "therapy",

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… AMINOSALYCILATES 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine, 5-ASA) acts topically on the gastrointestinal mucosa, with minimal systemic effect. …

Elevated serum globulin fraction as a biomarker of multiyear disease severity in inflammatory bowel disease.

BackgroundSerum protein reflects albumin and globulin levels, both of which can be altered in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The implications of a high globulin fraction in IBD are unknown. We hypothesized that a high globulin fraction may function independently of albumin as a biomarker of disease severity in IBD patients over a multiyear period.MethodsThis was an observational study from a prospective IBD registry of a tertiary care center. High globulin fraction was defined as an elevated globulin level >4 g/dL. Data collected included patient demographics, medication exposures, quality-

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… We collected data on exposures to immunomodulators, biologics, steroids and 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds. Immunomodulator agents included azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate. … Finally, 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds included sulfasalazine, mesalamine, balsalazide, either oral or topical. Use of oral vancomycin was also collected as a proxy for Clostridioides difficile . …

Фармакомикробиомика: От взаимодействия хост-микробиома-наркотики к клиническому переводу в докторскую медицину.

Заметная межиндивидуальная изменчивость реакции на наркотики по-прежнему является серьезной проблемой в области клинической фармакологии и не может быть в полной мере объяснена только генетикой принимающей страны. Растущие данные свидетельствуют о том, что кишечная микробиота является дополнительным фактором, определяющим эффективность и токсичность наркотиков посредством двустороннего взаимодействия с фармакологической терапией. Это признание привело к появлению фармакомикробиомики - области, которая изучает, как микробные сообщества влияют на утилизацию наркотиков и реагирование на них, и ка

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… Abbreviations: 5-ASA—5-aminosalicylic acid; 5-FU—5-fluorouracil; BVU—bromovinyluracil; CYP3A4—cytochrome P450 3A4; DPD—dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase; GI—Gastrointestinal; MPA—mycophenolic acid; SCFA—short-chain fatty acids; SN-38-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin. … On the colonic bacterial metabolism of azo-bonded prodrugsof 5-aminosalicylic acid. J. Pharm. Sci. 2014;103:3171–3175. doi: 10.1002/jps.24103. 57. Watanabe K., Yamashita S., Furuno K., Kawasaki H., Gomita Y. Metabolism of omeprazole by gut flora in rats. J. Pharm. …

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the colon, with an annual incidence of approximately 10 to 20 per 100, … teria. Participants were mostly adults. The studies compared probiotics to placebo, probiotics to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and a combination of probiotics and 5-ASA to 5-ASA. The studies ranged in length from 12 to 52 weeks. The average age of participants was between 32 and 51, with a range between 18 and 88 years. Seven studies investigated a single bacterial …

Аутоиммунные заболевания в эпоху COVID-19:: новые механизмы, клинические последствия, соображения, связанные с вакцинацией, и направления будущей деятельности.

Болезнь коронавируса 2019 (В тыс.COVID-19) пандемия высветила сложную двунаправленную связь между SARSCoV-2 инфекция и аутоиммунные заболевания. В настоящем обзоре рассматривается вопрос о том, каким образом SARS-CoV-2 Инфекция влияет на частотность, прогресс и результаты five Крупные аутоиммунные заболевания: системный волшебный эритематос, ревматоидный артрит, множественный склероз, воспалительный кишечник и синдром Гильен-Барре. Пациенты с аутоиммунными заболеваниями подвергаются повышенному риску серьезных заболеваний. COVID-19 Из-за иммунной дисрегуляции и использования иммуновосприимчиво

Interventions for maintenance of surgically induced remission in Crohn's disease: a network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic disease of the gut. About 75% of people with CD undergo surgery at least once in their lifetim … erventions) were considered eligible for inclusion in the NMA. The interventions studied included 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), adalimumab, antibiotics, budesonide, infliximab, probiotics, purine analogues, sulfasalazine, and a combination of sulfasalazine and prednisolone. This resulted in 30 direct contrasts, which informed 102 mixed-treatment contrasts.The eviden …

Osteoclast Activation and Inflammatory Bone Diseases: Focusing on Receptors in Osteoclasts.

Bone homeostasis depends on the balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. An increasing number of studies have revealed that under inflammatory conditions, osteoclast overactivation is responsible for bone loss in relevant bone diseases. Multiple signaling pathways such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signaling are involved in osteoclast activation. These signaling pathways rely on various receptors expressed on the surface of osteoclast progenitor cells (OPCs) or osteoclasts, which are activated by their correspo

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… acid competes with collagen II to bind to OSCAR on chondrocytes, thereby suppressing osteoarthritis. 69 These results indicated the potential therapeutic use of blocking OSCAR in bone diseases. … Kim J, Ryu G, Seo J, et al. 5-aminosalicylic acid suppresses osteoarthritis through the OSCAR-PPARγ axis. Nat Commun . 2024;15(1):1024. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45174-6 70. Ochi S, Shinohara M, Sato K, et al. Pathological role of osteoclast costimulation in arthritis-induced bone loss. …

Local administration of mesenchymal stromal cells is safe and modulates the immune compartment in ulcerative proctitis.

BACKGROUNDDue to their immunoregulatory and tissue regenerative features, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising novel tool for the management of ulcerative proctitis (UP). Here we report on a phase IIa clinical study that evaluated the impact of local MSC therapy on UP.METHODSThirteen refractory UP patients, with an endoscopic Mayo score (EMS) of 2 or 3, were included. Seven patients received 20-40 million allogeneic MSCs (cohort 1), while 6 patients received 40-80 million MSCs (cohort 2). Adverse events (AEs) were assessed at baseline and on weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24. Clinical, endosc

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… In 4 patients, this was just rectal therapy and in 1 patient rectal therapy in combination with oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) ( Supplemental Table 3 ). …

Acute interstitial nephritis - a reappraisal and update.

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is an under recognized and under diagnosed cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). It is estimated to account for 15 - 20% of cases of AKI; it is the reported diagnosis in 2.8% of all kidney biopsies, and 13.5% of biopsies done specifically for acute renal failure. Considerable evidence implicates antigen initiated cell-mediated injury in the pathogenesis of AIN. Drugs account for 70% of all cases, with over 150 different agents incriminated. The remaining cases are due to infections, autoimmune diseases, and rarely idiopathic. The central component of renal inju

Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress.

Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract. These notorious side e

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… . | [174] Dex- 5-aminosalicylic acid | 5-aminosalicylic acid | Azoreductase-activated Azo group | Intragastric (Oral) | To treat DSS-induced colitis; Comparable therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse reactions. | [175] GCs dimer prodrugs | GCs dimer prodrugs | Dex, prednisolone, triamcinolone acetonide …

Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of surgically-induced remission in Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition. Many patients fail to achieve remission with medical managem … Seven RCTs (n = 584 patients) were included in the review. Three studies compared azathioprine to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). One small study compared azathioprine to both 5-ASA and adalimumab. One study compared azathioprine to placebo and another study compared 6-mercaptopurine to 5-ASA and placebo. One small study compared azathioprine to infliximab. Three stud …

Ginsenoside-Mediated Ferroptosis Regulation: Bidirectional Effects and Therapeutic Potential in Diseases.

Notably, certain ginsenoside components exhibit distinct bidirectional and context-dependent regulatory effects on ferroptosis depending on the disease setting. In aberrantly proliferating or activated cells, ginsenosides function as ferroptosis inducers, whereas in damaged quiescent cells of normal tissues, they act as ferroptosis inhibitors. The pro-ferroptotic effect is predominantly observed in cells characterized by abnormal proliferation or activation, such as cancer cells and activated hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis. In this context, ginsenosides modulate key iron metabolism p

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… In current clinical practice, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) preparations represent the primary therapeutic intervention for patients with mild-to-moderate active UC [ 129 ]. … acid DSS | Dextran sulfate sodium NDDs | Neurodegenerative disease AD | Alzheimer’s disease PD | Parkinson’s disease AIM2 | melanoma 2 DMT1 | Divalent metal transporter 1 CLP | Cecal ligation and perforation SI-MD | Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction BIM | Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death …

Amelioration of severe TNBS induced colitis by novel AP-1 and NF- κ B inhibitors in rats.

AP-1 and NF-κ B inhibitors, namely, DTCM-G and DHMEQ, were investigated in male Wistar rats with severe colitis, induced by TNBS. The animals were randomized into 3 groups. The control group received 0.5 mL of 0.5% of the vehicle i.p., the DTCM-G group received 22.5 mg/kg body weight DTCM-G in 0.5% i.p., and the DHMEQ group received 15 mg/kg body weight DHMEQ i.p., all twice daily for 5 days. The body weight losses and mortality rates were significantly higher in the control group than those in DTCM-G-treated and DHMEQ-treated groups. The endoscopic inflammation scores in the control, DTCM-G-t

Менделианская случайность не охватывает потенциальные лекарственные средства, которые могут быть восстановлены при нейропсихических расстройствах.

СТРУКТУРА: Растущая распространенность нейропсихиатрических расстройств становится серьезной проблемой в области здравоохранения. Традиционные фармакотерапии сталкиваются с ограничениями, в результате чего лекарственные средства становятся ценной стратегией. Вместе с тем для этих условий используются весьма ограниченные подходы к отбору данных с высокой производительностью. МЕТОДЫ: В этом исследовании используются данные о воздействии, полученные из лаборатории Biobank Neal (N = 361,141) и конечных данных из базы данных FinnGen (N = приблизительно 410,000) использовать результаты анализа менде

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… Pentasa SR 250 mg m/r tablet, on the other hand, is a slow-release formulation of mesalazine, a 5-aminosalicylic acid drug mainly used for the treatment of non-specific Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). …

Биоразлагаемые и стимульно-реагирующие наноматериалы для адресной доставки лекарств в аутоиммунных заболеваниях.

Аутоиммунные заболевания создают сложные терапевтические проблемы из-за их хронического характера, системного воздействия и требования к точному иммунодуляции во избежание негативных побочных эффектов. Недавние достижения в области биоразлагаемых и стимулирующих наноматериалов открыли новые возможности для адресных систем доставки наркотиков, способных решать эти проблемы. Этот обзор содержит всеобъемлющий анализ современных биоразлагаемых нанокарьеров, таких, как полимерные наночастицы, липосомы и гидрогели, разработанные для целевой доставки в аутоиммунную терапию. Эти наноматериалы предназн

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… For example, micelles loaded with anti-inflammatory drugs such as methotrexate or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) have been shown to reduce inflammation in animal models of IBD [ 67 , 68 ]. … The nanoparticles were loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and demonstrated enhanced drug release in inflamed sections of the colon. …