Predictive effect of having a child with primary immunodeficiency on resilience, self-efficacy and spiritual well-being of Turkish parents.

BACKGROUND

The study aimed to examine the predictive effect of having a child with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents.

METHODS

A cross-sectional, correlational, and comparative study was conducted with parents of children with PID (N = 88) and healthy controls (n = 168) in Türkiye from June 2024 to February 2025. Study data were collected through the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Short Form, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale.

RESULTS

The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was significantly lower than that of parents of healthy controls (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the groups in psychological resilience or spiritual well-being (p > 0.05). There were significant positive relationships among psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being among parents of children with PID (p < 0.05). The disease has no statistically significant effect on spiritual well-being in parents (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was lower than that of parents of healthy controls. Although no difference in psychological resilience was detected between the groups in the descriptive comparison, the multivariate analysis indicated that having a child with PID is a negative factor affecting parents' resilience. Having a child with PID also had a statistically significant effect on the general self-efficacy of parents.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The findings will guide the planning of family-centred nursing interventions to enhance the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents of children with PID.