Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2026
Effect of a Chilean diet supplemented with Gevuina avellana molina versus a low-fat diet on cardiometabolic, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in Chilean adults with hypercholesterolemia: A randomized controlled trial.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Ramos-Pardo Sofía, Ramírez-Alarcón Karina, González-Contreras Carlos, Valdebenito Esteban, Sureda Antoni, Martorell Miquel
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiovascular diseases are strongly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Lifestyle modifications and hazelnut consumption have shown potential benefits in managing hypercholesterolemia. The aim was to compare the effects of a diet supplemented with Gevuina avellana with those of a low-fat diet on plasma oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in adults with hypercholesterolemia.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A six-month randomized controlled trial was conducted in adults with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >200 mg/dL). Participants were allocated by block randomization, stratified by sex, to either an experimental group following a Chilean diet supplemented with G. avellana (30 g/day) or a control group adhering to a low-fat diet (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT07087704). Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the intervention to assess lipid profiles, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), homocysteine, nitrotyrosine (%NTYR), folic acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The primary outcome was the change in oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Biochemical analyses and statistical evaluations were performed in a blinded manner, and data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. A total of 106 participants were recruited and randomized, of whom 81 completed the intervention (experimental, n = 47; control, n = 34). Both groups exhibited a significant increase in HDL-C (+11%) and folic acid (+64%), along with a 35% reduction in LDH. CRP decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.037), declining from 9.32 ± 2.45 to 5.20 ± 1.63 mg/dL in the control group and from 5.01 ± 1.13 to 2.82 ± 0.69 mg/dL in the experimental group. CAT activity significantly increased in both groups after the intervention period (p = 0.015), rising from 9.01 ± 1.34 to 16.26 ± 2.72 nKat/L in the control group and from 9.26 ± 1.10 to 18.10 ± 2.20 nKat/L in the experimental group, whereas no changes were observed in SOD activity. Homocysteine levels decreased by 35% in the control group and by 25% in the experimental group. No significant differences between groups were observed for oxidative or inflammatory biomarkers.
CONCLUSION: Both diets improved oxidative and inflammatory markers in adults with hypercholesterolemia, with no evidence of superiority of one dietary approach over the other, highlighting the potential of hazelnuts as a dietary complement for managing hypercholesterolemia.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A six-month randomized controlled trial was conducted in adults with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >200 mg/dL). Participants were allocated by block randomization, stratified by sex, to either an experimental group following a Chilean diet supplemented with G. avellana (30 g/day) or a control group adhering to a low-fat diet (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT07087704). Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the intervention to assess lipid profiles, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), homocysteine, nitrotyrosine (%NTYR), folic acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The primary outcome was the change in oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Biochemical analyses and statistical evaluations were performed in a blinded manner, and data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. A total of 106 participants were recruited and randomized, of whom 81 completed the intervention (experimental, n = 47; control, n = 34). Both groups exhibited a significant increase in HDL-C (+11%) and folic acid (+64%), along with a 35% reduction in LDH. CRP decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.037), declining from 9.32 ± 2.45 to 5.20 ± 1.63 mg/dL in the control group and from 5.01 ± 1.13 to 2.82 ± 0.69 mg/dL in the experimental group. CAT activity significantly increased in both groups after the intervention period (p = 0.015), rising from 9.01 ± 1.34 to 16.26 ± 2.72 nKat/L in the control group and from 9.26 ± 1.10 to 18.10 ± 2.20 nKat/L in the experimental group, whereas no changes were observed in SOD activity. Homocysteine levels decreased by 35% in the control group and by 25% in the experimental group. No significant differences between groups were observed for oxidative or inflammatory biomarkers.
CONCLUSION: Both diets improved oxidative and inflammatory markers in adults with hypercholesterolemia, with no evidence of superiority of one dietary approach over the other, highlighting the potential of hazelnuts as a dietary complement for managing hypercholesterolemia.