Neuroprotective Role of Morin Hydrate in Stress-Re-stress (SRS) Rat Model of PTSD: Mitigation of Cognitive Dysfunction, Anxiety, and Depression via Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic psychiatric condition linked with abnormal fear responses, oxidative imbalance, inflammation, and neuronal injury. The present work examined the protective effects of morin hydrate (MH), a natural flavonoid known for its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, in a stress-re-stress (SRS) rat model of PTSD. Male Wistar rats were exposed to repeated stress cues and then treated with vehicle, paroxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o.), or MH (15 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.). Behavioral outcomes were assessed using fear conditioning, elevated plus maze, open field, Y-maze, novel object recognition, forced swim, and sucrose preference tests. Animals exposed to SRS developed pronounced fear retention, anxiety-like and depressive behaviors, and cognitive impairment. Treatment with MH, especially at 30 mg/kg, improved exploratory activity, reduced immobility, and enhanced memory performance. Biochemical studies showed reduced lipid peroxidation and restoration of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. MH also lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) and increased hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Histological analysis confirmed preservation of neuronal density in CA1 and CA2 regions of the hippocampus. In summary, MH produced behavioral, biochemical, and structural improvements in the SRS model, suggesting its value as a natural therapeutic candidate for PTSD.