International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2026
Analysis of risk factors in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea questionnaires: a 20 year review.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Chaudhry Arzu, Yau Kiana W, Nguyen Lily Hp, Constantin Evelyn
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The diagnostic gold standard for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is polysomnography (PSG), a highly resource-intensive tool with limited accessibility. As such, sleep questionnaires have been proposed as an alternative/adjunct for OSA screening. However, these questionnaires have limitations such as the inability to clearly distinguish between OSA and simple snoring, and their poor diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Specifically, there is significant variability in the items included within the sleep questionnaires.
OBJECTIVES: To identify and describe questionnaires that screen for pediatric OSA, identify prevalence of individual items, and review scoring methods used; To examine how questionnaires and the specific items have evolved over time.
METHODS: We conducted a literature review to identify questionnaires whose primary goal was to screen for pediatric OSA in children 0-18 years old. We searched PubMed (keywords: sleep disordered breathing, OSA, sleep apnea and risk factor) and the health and psychosocial instruments (HaPI) databases. Snowball referencing technique and two comprehensive reviews were used to identify additional questionnaires.
RESULTS: Of the 67 articles identified, 36 questionnaires containing 56 different items were included in the analysis. Items most commonly included in questionnaires were snoring (83.3%), observed apnea (83.3%) and daytime sleepiness (83.3%). Ethnicity (5.6%)and body mass index (36.1%) were not consistently included. Thirty-five questionnaires (97.2%) used quantitative scores to identify OSA.
CONCLUSION: There are currently several questionnaires that aim to screen children for OSA. However, these questionnaires were not able to predict OSA severity, and rarely included known OSA risk factors, such as ethnicity and obesity.
OBJECTIVES: To identify and describe questionnaires that screen for pediatric OSA, identify prevalence of individual items, and review scoring methods used; To examine how questionnaires and the specific items have evolved over time.
METHODS: We conducted a literature review to identify questionnaires whose primary goal was to screen for pediatric OSA in children 0-18 years old. We searched PubMed (keywords: sleep disordered breathing, OSA, sleep apnea and risk factor) and the health and psychosocial instruments (HaPI) databases. Snowball referencing technique and two comprehensive reviews were used to identify additional questionnaires.
RESULTS: Of the 67 articles identified, 36 questionnaires containing 56 different items were included in the analysis. Items most commonly included in questionnaires were snoring (83.3%), observed apnea (83.3%) and daytime sleepiness (83.3%). Ethnicity (5.6%)and body mass index (36.1%) were not consistently included. Thirty-five questionnaires (97.2%) used quantitative scores to identify OSA.
CONCLUSION: There are currently several questionnaires that aim to screen children for OSA. However, these questionnaires were not able to predict OSA severity, and rarely included known OSA risk factors, such as ethnicity and obesity.