Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · 2026
Beyond clinical trials: real-world predictors of amblyopia resolution in Saudi Arabian children.
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Aljohani Saeed, Alhandud Lama, Alhumaidan Reema, Alsuhibani Fatimah
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To evaluate treatment outcomes and predictors of amblyopia resolution in children 3-10 years of age treated in public hospitals in Qassim province, Saudi Arabia.
METHODS: The medical records of children with unilateral amblyopia due to strabismus, anisometropia, or both, treated at four public hospitals, were reviewed retrospectively. Data was collected for records of routine clinical care (2017-2022). All patients had at least two clinical visits' records. Recorded variables included amblyopia type, baseline amblyopic-eye visual acuity, initial treatment modality, and number of follow-up visits. Complete resolution was defined as a final interocular visual acuity difference of ≤0.1 logMAR. Proportional improvement was defined as reduction in interocular visual acuity difference from baseline to final visit divided by baseline interocular difference. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors of resolution.
RESULTS: A total of 198 cases were reviewed. Mean patient age was 6.8 ± 2.2 years; 50.5% were male. Overall, 99 patients (50.0%) achieved complete resolution, with a mean proportional improvement of 53.9%. Worse baseline amblyopic-eye visual acuity was associated with lower odds of resolution (adjusted odds ratio = 0.60 per 0.1 logMAR of worse baseline visual acuity; P < 0.001). Compared with glasses only, patching alone was associated with poorer outcomes (aOR = 0.38; P = 0.015), whereas combined treatment showed similar outcomes. Higher number of follow-up visits independently predicted success. Age showed a borderline association, while amblyopia type was not independently associated with resolution.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study of real-world amblyopia outcomes, the first of its kind in Saudi Arabia, half of the children achieved resolution, with success strongly dependent on baseline visual acuity, initial treatment modality, and continuity of follow-up.
METHODS: The medical records of children with unilateral amblyopia due to strabismus, anisometropia, or both, treated at four public hospitals, were reviewed retrospectively. Data was collected for records of routine clinical care (2017-2022). All patients had at least two clinical visits' records. Recorded variables included amblyopia type, baseline amblyopic-eye visual acuity, initial treatment modality, and number of follow-up visits. Complete resolution was defined as a final interocular visual acuity difference of ≤0.1 logMAR. Proportional improvement was defined as reduction in interocular visual acuity difference from baseline to final visit divided by baseline interocular difference. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors of resolution.
RESULTS: A total of 198 cases were reviewed. Mean patient age was 6.8 ± 2.2 years; 50.5% were male. Overall, 99 patients (50.0%) achieved complete resolution, with a mean proportional improvement of 53.9%. Worse baseline amblyopic-eye visual acuity was associated with lower odds of resolution (adjusted odds ratio = 0.60 per 0.1 logMAR of worse baseline visual acuity; P < 0.001). Compared with glasses only, patching alone was associated with poorer outcomes (aOR = 0.38; P = 0.015), whereas combined treatment showed similar outcomes. Higher number of follow-up visits independently predicted success. Age showed a borderline association, while amblyopia type was not independently associated with resolution.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study of real-world amblyopia outcomes, the first of its kind in Saudi Arabia, half of the children achieved resolution, with success strongly dependent on baseline visual acuity, initial treatment modality, and continuity of follow-up.