Clinical Features and Therapeutic Alternatives in Eyes with Secondary Vasoproliferative Tumors: A Single-Center Turkish Perspective.

AIMS: To evaluate retrospectively the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes in eyes with secondary vasoproliferative retinal tumors (VPRT) at a tertiary center in Turkey.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

Patients diagnosed with secondary VPRT between 2005 and 2025 with a follow-up of 6 months or more were included. 24 eyes of 21 patients were evaluated. Their charts and multimodal imaging features were analyzed, and treatments noted.

RESULTS

Mean age was 26.1 years (6-57). Mean follow-up was 61.1 months (6-151). Baseline BCVA was 0.77 LogMAR (0.00-2.30). VPRT was linked to non-infectious uveitis in 12 patients, retinitis pigmentosa in 5 patients, X-linked Juvenile Retinoschisis, Coats' disease, retinal dystrophy and retinopathy of prematurity in 1 patient each. The inferotemporal quadrant was the most common site (66.7%). Treatments included dexamethasone implant, transscleral cryotherapy, systemic immunosuppressive therapy, laser photocoagulation, CyberKnife, intravitreal anti-VEGF, vitreoretinal surgery, photodynamic therapy, intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide and enucleation. At baseline, 15 eyes had macular intraretinal fluid. At the final visit, dry macula was achieved in 9 of 15 eyes. Mean final BCVA was 1.01 LogMAR (0.00-3.00). Two eyes deteriorated to no light perception. One was enucleated.

CONCLUSION

This largest cohort of patients from Turkey with secondary VPRT reflects the diverse underlying etiologic associations and heterogeneous clinical manifestations at a tertiary center. Various therapeutic techniques were required to cope with this difficult-to-treat, challenging disease entity.