The Journal of nutrition · 2025
Responsiveness of the Serum Carbon Isotope Ratio to Dietary Added Sugar Reduction in a Randomized Controlled Trial among Youth with Steatotic Liver Disease.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Cohen Catherine C, Dabelea Dana, Davy Brenda M, Glueck Deborah H, Newton Kimberly P, Perng Wei, Welsh Jean A, Schwimmer Jeffrey B, Vos Miriam B
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The carbon isotope ratio (CIR) has been proposed as a biomarker for added sugar intake, but few studies have been conducted in youth, with data from controlled, feeding studies particularly lacking.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine associations of added sugar intake with serum CIR in a randomized, controlled dietary sugar reduction intervention in youth.
METHODS: Data were collected from 40 boys (11-16 y) with histologically diagnosed steatotic liver disease who completed a randomized controlled trial and were provided either a low-free sugar diet (<3% of calories from added sugar or juice) or usual diet for 8 wk. Serum CIR was assessed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry using samples from baseline and week 8. Added sugar intake as a percentage of energy (% kcal/d) was assessed by 24-h recalls. Associations of added sugar intake with serum CIR, both cross-sectionally at baseline and as 8-wk change values, were analyzed by multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.
RESULTS: In the full sample at baseline, higher added sugar intake was associated with higher serum CIR {standardized β [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.27 (0.05, 0.48)}. From baseline to week 8, added sugar intake decreased in both intervention arms but this change was significantly greater in the low-sugar diet arm compared with usual diet arm [mean change (95% CI): -9.5% (-11.5%, -7.6%) compared with -2.8% (-4.7%, -0.8%)]. In parallel, serum CIR also decreased in the low-sugar diet arm [-0.16 (-0.29, -0.04)], but not the usual diet arm [-0.12 (-0.24, 0.01)], though this was not a significant between-arm difference. There were no significant associations between 8-wk changes in added sugar intake and changes in serum CIR in either arm.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support serum CIR as a biomarker for the percentage of added sugar intake in youth with steatotic liver disease cross-sectionally, but not for within-participant change values during the 8-wk intervention. Larger controlled feeding studies, with more generalizable samples of youth, are needed to confirm these findings.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine associations of added sugar intake with serum CIR in a randomized, controlled dietary sugar reduction intervention in youth.
METHODS: Data were collected from 40 boys (11-16 y) with histologically diagnosed steatotic liver disease who completed a randomized controlled trial and were provided either a low-free sugar diet (<3% of calories from added sugar or juice) or usual diet for 8 wk. Serum CIR was assessed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry using samples from baseline and week 8. Added sugar intake as a percentage of energy (% kcal/d) was assessed by 24-h recalls. Associations of added sugar intake with serum CIR, both cross-sectionally at baseline and as 8-wk change values, were analyzed by multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.
RESULTS: In the full sample at baseline, higher added sugar intake was associated with higher serum CIR {standardized β [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.27 (0.05, 0.48)}. From baseline to week 8, added sugar intake decreased in both intervention arms but this change was significantly greater in the low-sugar diet arm compared with usual diet arm [mean change (95% CI): -9.5% (-11.5%, -7.6%) compared with -2.8% (-4.7%, -0.8%)]. In parallel, serum CIR also decreased in the low-sugar diet arm [-0.16 (-0.29, -0.04)], but not the usual diet arm [-0.12 (-0.24, 0.01)], though this was not a significant between-arm difference. There were no significant associations between 8-wk changes in added sugar intake and changes in serum CIR in either arm.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support serum CIR as a biomarker for the percentage of added sugar intake in youth with steatotic liver disease cross-sectionally, but not for within-participant change values during the 8-wk intervention. Larger controlled feeding studies, with more generalizable samples of youth, are needed to confirm these findings.