Arthrodesis of the Metacarpophalangeal and Interphalangeal Joints of the Hand: Current Concepts.

Metacarpophalangeal arthrodesis and interphalangeal arthrodesis are excellent tools in the surgeon's armamentarium to restore function of the disabled hand. Typical indications for these procedures are pain, deformity, and/or stiffness. Arthrodesis is generally considered a salvage procedure to be used when other reconstructive procedures, such as arthroplasty, are not possible or would be associated with a high rate of complication or failure. To determine the most functional position for arthrodesis in each patient, the surgeon should preoperatively evaluate the compromised joint in the context of the disease process, determine the initial cause of the joint pathology, and assess the condition of the surrounding joints. Current methods of achieving fusion of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints include options for incisions, bone preparation techniques, and surgical implants; each has advantages and associated risks.