Efficacy of evinacumab by genotype and low-density lipoprotein receptor function in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: A subanalysis from the ELIPSE open-label extension study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) is a rare genetic disorder caused primarily by variants in both alleles of the gene encoding the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). This subanalysis of the ELIPSE open-label extension (OLE) study assessed the efficacy of evinacumab, an angiopoietin-like 3 inhibitor, by genotype and LDLR function in patients with HoFH.

METHODS: Patients aged ≥12 years with HoFH on stable lipid-lowering therapies received evinacumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 4 weeks. Patients were grouped according to genotype: bi-allelic monogenic identical variants (true homozygous) or bi-allelic monogenic different LDLR variants (compound heterozygous); and by LDLR function: null/null variants resulting in <15% LDLR activity or negative/negative variants predicted to result in <2% LDLR activity.

RESULTS: One hundred and sixteen patients enrolled in the OLE. At baseline, 55 (47.4%) had either identical bi-allelic variants in LDLR (n = 53) or LDLRAP1 (n = 2), and 41 (35.3%) had different bi-allelic LDLR variants. Median (Q1, Q3) LDL-C levels were reduced by -53.8% (-42.6%, -67.0%) and -58.1% (-41.5%, -65.9%) by Week 8 of evinacumab treatment in the identical (LDLR or LDLRAP1) and different (LDLR) bi-allelic variant groups, respectively, and remained low at Week 104 (-50.9% [-34.9%, -60.3%] and -47.3% [-34.8%, -67.5%], respectively). At baseline, 36 (31.0%) patients had null/null LDLR variants, and 19 (16.4%) patients had negative/negative LDLR variants. Evinacumab treatment also resulted in rapid and sustained decreases in median LDL-C levels to Week 104 in these subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS: Evinacumab treatment resulted in sustained LDL-C reduction in patients with HoFH irrespective of genotype or LDLR function.