Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2010
A 20-year analysis of previous and emerging allergens that elicit photoallergic contact dermatitis.
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Victor Frank C, Cohen David E, Soter Nicholas A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Retrospective chart reviews are periodically needed to update allergen series to detect changes in photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) over time.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate photopatch test results during a 13-year period and extend the observations to 20 years.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients who were photopatch tested.
RESULTS: In all, 76 patients were evaluated. A total of 69 positive photopatch and 45 positive patch test reactions were detected in 30 and 23 patients, respectively. The frequencies of the positive photopatch test reactions were sunscreens 23.2%, antimicrobial agents 23.2%, medications 20.3%, fragrances 13%, plants and plant derivatives 11.6%, and pesticides 8.7%. Of the positive photopatch reactions to antimicrobial agents, 60% were caused by Fentichlor.
LIMITATIONS: This study was a retrospective chart analysis, and the number of patients was small.
CONCLUSIONS: Sunscreens and antimicrobial agents were the most frequent allergens eliciting PACD, and there was a decrease in PACD caused by fragrances. The number of reactions to medications increased. This study also demonstrated that pesticides can be a cause of PACD. The detection of reactions to Fentichlor was unexpected and, although they have been attributed in some studies to cross-reactions to sulfanilamides and bithionol, such a robust association was not observed in this study. This study extends our experience of the changes in the allergens that elicit PACD to 20 years.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate photopatch test results during a 13-year period and extend the observations to 20 years.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients who were photopatch tested.
RESULTS: In all, 76 patients were evaluated. A total of 69 positive photopatch and 45 positive patch test reactions were detected in 30 and 23 patients, respectively. The frequencies of the positive photopatch test reactions were sunscreens 23.2%, antimicrobial agents 23.2%, medications 20.3%, fragrances 13%, plants and plant derivatives 11.6%, and pesticides 8.7%. Of the positive photopatch reactions to antimicrobial agents, 60% were caused by Fentichlor.
LIMITATIONS: This study was a retrospective chart analysis, and the number of patients was small.
CONCLUSIONS: Sunscreens and antimicrobial agents were the most frequent allergens eliciting PACD, and there was a decrease in PACD caused by fragrances. The number of reactions to medications increased. This study also demonstrated that pesticides can be a cause of PACD. The detection of reactions to Fentichlor was unexpected and, although they have been attributed in some studies to cross-reactions to sulfanilamides and bithionol, such a robust association was not observed in this study. This study extends our experience of the changes in the allergens that elicit PACD to 20 years.