The International journal of artificial organs · 2026
Cross-shaped nanoporous poly(methyl methacrylate) fibers for selective adsorption of β2-microglobulin and other middle-molecular-weight proteins.
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Fujieda Hiroaki, Osuka Tomoaki, Nakada Masaru, Kanda Junko, Kishikawa Tatsuya, Sakaguchi Hirokazu, Fujita Masaki, Osabe Masahiro, Sugata Toru, Sugaya Hiroyuki, Ueno Yoshiyuki
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a serious complication in chronic kidney disease patients on long-term dialysis, caused by β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) accumulation, and remains challenging owing to the growing dialysis population and extended treatment duration.
OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate stereocomplex poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) adsorbent fibers with optimized cross-sectional and nanoporous structures for efficient, selective β2-MG removal.
METHODS: Structured PMMA fibers were fabricated via dry-wet spinning. The adsorption performance of optimized fibers was evaluated with serum containing β2-MG and other solutes, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), three-dimensional transmission electron microscopy (3D-TEM), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Pressure loss simulations compared fiber- and bead-packed columns.
RESULTS: Fibers with 12-15 nm pores exhibited maximal β2-MG adsorption. Cross-shaped fibers exhibited the highest blood-contact surface area and adsorption capacity. A thin surface-dense layer (<0.1 μm) improved β2-MG diffusion while limiting albumin uptake. TOF-SIMS confirmed uniform β2-MG penetration, with albumin confined near the fiber surface. Adsorption exceeded 50% for mid-weight proteins (~52 kDa), including IL-6, α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), and TNF-α. Pressure loss simulations showed that fiber-packed columns had lower resistance than bead-packed columns.
CONCLUSIONS: Optimized cross-shaped PMMA fibers enable efficient, selective β2-MG removal and favorable flow dynamics for hemoperfusion therapies targeting mid-weight uremic toxins.
OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate stereocomplex poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) adsorbent fibers with optimized cross-sectional and nanoporous structures for efficient, selective β2-MG removal.
METHODS: Structured PMMA fibers were fabricated via dry-wet spinning. The adsorption performance of optimized fibers was evaluated with serum containing β2-MG and other solutes, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), three-dimensional transmission electron microscopy (3D-TEM), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Pressure loss simulations compared fiber- and bead-packed columns.
RESULTS: Fibers with 12-15 nm pores exhibited maximal β2-MG adsorption. Cross-shaped fibers exhibited the highest blood-contact surface area and adsorption capacity. A thin surface-dense layer (<0.1 μm) improved β2-MG diffusion while limiting albumin uptake. TOF-SIMS confirmed uniform β2-MG penetration, with albumin confined near the fiber surface. Adsorption exceeded 50% for mid-weight proteins (~52 kDa), including IL-6, α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), and TNF-α. Pressure loss simulations showed that fiber-packed columns had lower resistance than bead-packed columns.
CONCLUSIONS: Optimized cross-shaped PMMA fibers enable efficient, selective β2-MG removal and favorable flow dynamics for hemoperfusion therapies targeting mid-weight uremic toxins.