Hematuria in children.

Hematuria is the most common sign of renal lesions in childhood. Most common renal causes are glomerulonephritis, Alport's syndrome and IgA mesangiopathy. Urological and systemic causes are less frequently seen. Diagnostic approach focuses on the clinical presentation of hematuria: gross or microscopic, and accompanying signs or symptoms. Monosymptomatic hematuria causes are variable in each age group. Prognosis of cases with hematuria depends upon the cause.