Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2025
Cytokine Profiling and Clinical Correlates of Conjunctival Wound Healing After Trabeculectomy: Implications for Scar Formation in Glaucoma Patients.
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Zhang Qin, Zhao Bo, Bai Yan
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Understanding the role of scar markers and inflammatory factors in filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery is essential for improving conjunctival wound healing and surgical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate conjunctival wound healing and its impact on scar formation and inflammatory responses in glaucoma patients after surgery.
METHODS: This study included 130 primary glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculectomy from January 2022 to January 2024. After 4 months of follow-up (with initial assessment at 14 days), patients were categorized into a scarring group (n = 38) and a nonscarring group (n = 92). Scar markers, inflammatory factors, and clinical data were analyzed. Pearson correlation and logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the factors influencing scarring.
RESULTS: Patients in the scarring group had greater preoperative intraocular pressure, lens thickness, and postoperative bleb leakage (p < 0.05). The levels of TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α were significantly greater in the scarring group (p < 0.05). TGF-β, PDGF, and CTGF were positively correlated with IL-6 (p < 0.05) but not with IL-1β or TNF-α (p > 0.05). Logistic regression indicated that bleb leakage and elevated TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, and IL-6 levels were risk factors for scarring (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, and IL-6, along with bleb leakage, are risk factors for filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery.
METHODS: This study included 130 primary glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculectomy from January 2022 to January 2024. After 4 months of follow-up (with initial assessment at 14 days), patients were categorized into a scarring group (n = 38) and a nonscarring group (n = 92). Scar markers, inflammatory factors, and clinical data were analyzed. Pearson correlation and logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the factors influencing scarring.
RESULTS: Patients in the scarring group had greater preoperative intraocular pressure, lens thickness, and postoperative bleb leakage (p < 0.05). The levels of TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α were significantly greater in the scarring group (p < 0.05). TGF-β, PDGF, and CTGF were positively correlated with IL-6 (p < 0.05) but not with IL-1β or TNF-α (p > 0.05). Logistic regression indicated that bleb leakage and elevated TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, and IL-6 levels were risk factors for scarring (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of TGF-β, PDGF, CTGF, and IL-6, along with bleb leakage, are risk factors for filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery.