Cutting-Edge Pediatric Colorectal Surgery: A Half-Century of Innovations in Technique which have Transformed Care for Anorectal Malformation.

The field of pediatric colorectal surgery has been transformed over the last 50 years with innovations that have dramatically improved surgical techniques, reduced complications, and improved patients' lives. Specific to anorectal malformations (ARMs), an innovative operation for their repair, the posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP), came in the 1980s and was relatively new compared to other operations for congenital problems which were mostly developed in the 1950s. Since that major advance, further cutting-edge surgical techniques have been developed and are reviewed here.