Rapid preparation of a bioadhesive with wet adhesion based on supramolecular interactions for wound closure and healing.

Achieving wet adhesion is a fundamental yet challenging requirement for bioadhesives. Poly(α-lipoic acid) (PLA) adhesives derived from the polymerization of α-lipoic acid (LA) have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field. However, their practical application is hindered by drawbacks such as environmental dependency and prolonged polymerization time. In this study, we report the rapid fabrication of a bulk adhesive, LAS@NP, at room temperature through the supramolecular assembly of LA, Ag+, silk fibroin (SF), and polydopamine nanoparticles containing Ag (PDA/Ag-NP), without the need for heating. The incorporation of PDA/Ag-NP enhances cohesion within the system, significantly improving its adhesive strength. LAS@NP exhibits instant underwater adhesion and maintains robust bonding in wet environments. Moreover, the spontaneous polymerization of LA imparts self-reinforcing properties to the adhesive. The optimized LAS@NP adhesive effectively seals gastric perforations and facilitates reconstruction of the mucosal layer. In a seawater-immersed skin wound model, it markedly suppresses inflammation and promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. The in vivo results indicate that the LAS@NP adhesive was suitable for wounds in both acidic and alkaline environments. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of the LAS@NP adhesive for various medical applications.