Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia · 2025
Ocular neoplasms: Clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological analysis of mutilating procedures in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico.
СтатьяНаблюдательное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Rojas-Arellanes C O, de la Rosa-Jaime E, Monteon-Aspeitia X, Campos-Nuñez A P, Hernández-Ramírez V T, Flores-Heranandez I, Rodriguez-Ortega H A, Guzmán-Díaz J M, González-Ojeda A, Fuentes-Orozco C
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although uncommon, ocular neoplasms represent a significant cause of visual morbidity and, in some cases, mortality. In advanced stages, management may require mutilating procedures such as enucleation or exenteration. Clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological characterization of these cases improves diagnostic suspicion and guides therapeutic decision-making. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological profile of patients who underwent enucleation or evisceration due to suspected ocular neoplasia at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. Patients with suspected ocular neoplasms who underwent enucleation or exenteration were included. Clinical, demographic, and histopathological variables were collected. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.
RESULTS: A total of 43 patients were included; 31 (72.1%) underwent enucleation and 12 (27.9%) underwent exenteration. The right eye was affected in 58.1% of cases. The mean age was 2 ± 2 years in the pediatric group (n = 21) and 63.4 years in the adult group (n = 22). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was retinoblastoma (48.8%), followed by melanoma (23.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (9.3%). Clinical and histopathological diagnostic concordance was observed in 90.7% of cases. The optic nerve was the most commonly infiltrated structure in retinoblastoma, while scleral infiltration predominated in melanoma.
CONCLUSION: The age distribution and tumor types observed are consistent with those reported in the international literature. The high clinicopathological concordance highlights the importance of clinical judgment in managing these entities. Histopathological analysis is essential for prognostication and the development of early diagnostic strategies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. Patients with suspected ocular neoplasms who underwent enucleation or exenteration were included. Clinical, demographic, and histopathological variables were collected. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.
RESULTS: A total of 43 patients were included; 31 (72.1%) underwent enucleation and 12 (27.9%) underwent exenteration. The right eye was affected in 58.1% of cases. The mean age was 2 ± 2 years in the pediatric group (n = 21) and 63.4 years in the adult group (n = 22). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was retinoblastoma (48.8%), followed by melanoma (23.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (9.3%). Clinical and histopathological diagnostic concordance was observed in 90.7% of cases. The optic nerve was the most commonly infiltrated structure in retinoblastoma, while scleral infiltration predominated in melanoma.
CONCLUSION: The age distribution and tumor types observed are consistent with those reported in the international literature. The high clinicopathological concordance highlights the importance of clinical judgment in managing these entities. Histopathological analysis is essential for prognostication and the development of early diagnostic strategies.