EBioMedicine · 2024
Advancing respiratory virus diagnostics: integrating the nasal IFN-I score for improved viral detection.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Mommert-Tripon Marine, Parraud Delphine, Grosbois Cloé, Gaymard Alexandre, Cheynet Valérie, Lina Bruno, Oriol Guy, Laurent Frédéric, Dupré Caroline, Semanas Quentin, Bal Antonin, Generenaz Laurence, Pons Sylvie, Brengel-Pesce Karen, Guichard Audrey, Mouton William, Morfin Florence, Fleurie Aurore, Trouillet-Assant Sophie
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to demonstrate the utility of the nasal Type I interferon (IFN-I) response as a marker for respiratory viral infections (RVIs) and its potential to enhance diagnosis when combined with first-line PCR tests for Influenza A/B, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2.
METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) from patients at Hospices Civils de Lyon (November 2022-April 2024) suspected of viral infections (n = 788) and from healthy controls (n = 53) were analysed. The IFN-I score was measured using the FILMARRAY® IFN-I pouch prototype, which detects four interferon-stimulated genes. The study evaluated the performance of the IFN-I score in detecting samples positive for viruses by first-line PCR and assessed its benefit in diagnosing RVIs in samples initially classified as negative by PCR.
FINDINGS: Out of 788 NPS included, 504 (64%) were positive with the first-line PCR tests, and IFN-I score was significantly higher in those samples (median [IQR]: 13.00 [2.76-45.40]) compared to ones collected from healthy controls (1.09 [0.67-1.30]; p < 0.0001), with an area under the curve (AUC; 95% CI) of 0.92 (0.90-0.92). Moreover, out of the 284 NPS negative with first-line PCR tests, suspicion of viral infection according to IFN-I score was found in 63% of cases (178/284). Second-line test (BioFire® Respiratory Panel 2.1 plus) and viral metagenomic confirmed the presence of viruses 94% of cases.
INTERPRETATION: The study highlights the potential of integrating nasal IFN-I score into clinical workflows to improve RVI diagnosis and enhance preparedness for emerging viruses.
FUNDING: Public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR21-RHUS-08/ANR-23-CHIN-0001).
METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) from patients at Hospices Civils de Lyon (November 2022-April 2024) suspected of viral infections (n = 788) and from healthy controls (n = 53) were analysed. The IFN-I score was measured using the FILMARRAY® IFN-I pouch prototype, which detects four interferon-stimulated genes. The study evaluated the performance of the IFN-I score in detecting samples positive for viruses by first-line PCR and assessed its benefit in diagnosing RVIs in samples initially classified as negative by PCR.
FINDINGS: Out of 788 NPS included, 504 (64%) were positive with the first-line PCR tests, and IFN-I score was significantly higher in those samples (median [IQR]: 13.00 [2.76-45.40]) compared to ones collected from healthy controls (1.09 [0.67-1.30]; p < 0.0001), with an area under the curve (AUC; 95% CI) of 0.92 (0.90-0.92). Moreover, out of the 284 NPS negative with first-line PCR tests, suspicion of viral infection according to IFN-I score was found in 63% of cases (178/284). Second-line test (BioFire® Respiratory Panel 2.1 plus) and viral metagenomic confirmed the presence of viruses 94% of cases.
INTERPRETATION: The study highlights the potential of integrating nasal IFN-I score into clinical workflows to improve RVI diagnosis and enhance preparedness for emerging viruses.
FUNDING: Public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR21-RHUS-08/ANR-23-CHIN-0001).