Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Second Premolars in a Saudi Population: Cone-beam Computed Tomography Analysis with a Recent Coding System.

AIM: The present study aimed to evaluate the root and canal anatomy of mandibular (MAND) second premolars in a southern Saudi population using high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and the recent coding system.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A total of 856 MAND second premolars from 614 CBCT scans were retrospectively analyzed. These scans were evaluated in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Then, the MAND second premolars were classified according to root number and canal configuration using the coding system developed by Ahmed and Dummer. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess associations among canal anatomy, gender, and age. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The majority of MAND second premolars exhibited the single-root with a single canal (1TN1) configuration, which was observed in 834 (97.43%) of the sample. Moreover, most teeth (847, 98.95%) had a single root, and two-rooted (8, 0.93%) and three-rooted (1, 0.12%) cases were rare. No statistically significant differences were found between males and females or among different age-groups (p > 0.05), although the 30-40 age-group exhibited the largest anatomical variation.

CONCLUSION

The present CBCT-based study concluded that the 1TN1 canal configuration is the most prevalent in MAND second premolars. While the most predominant is a single root with a single canal, the study also confirms the existence of complex anatomical variations. Gender and age-group did not have a statistically significant impact on root canal anatomy.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate knowledge of MAND second premolar morphology is essential for successful endodontics. Population-specific data and CBCT with a recent coding system enhance diagnosis and support better clinical outcomes. How to cite this article: Alelyani AA. Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Second Premolars in a Saudi Population: Cone-beam Computed Tomography Analysis with a Recent Coding System. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(10):970-976.