Postoperative infection rates with 3D-printed custom metallic cage implants comparable to traditional reconstruction in the foot and ankle.

BACKGROUND

Treatment of foot and ankle critical-sized defects (CSDs) remains a surgical challenge. Custom 3D-printed metallic implants have emerged as a promising solution, however current literature is limited. This study evaluated the incidence and associated factors of deep postoperative infection following custom cage implantation.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 62 patients who underwent custom cage implant arthrodesis. Pre-, peri-, and postoperative variables were collected, with deep postoperative infection as the primary outcome.

RESULTS

Of 62 patients, 13 (21 %) developed deep postoperative infections at a median 957 days. Superficial wound breakdown was significantly associated with infection. History of ipsilateral foot and ankle infection, diabetes, smoking, and neuropathy were not significantly associated with infection.

CONCLUSION

Infection rates after custom cage implantation were comparable to those of traditional CSD management methods. These findings support continued evaluation of custom cage implants and emphasize the importance of reducing postoperative infection risk.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.