Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Different Regimens of Current JAK Inhibitors in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Network Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been approved for treating psoriatic arthritis (PsA); however, the comparative efficacy of different JAK inhibitors remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of different JAK inhibitors in treating PsA.

METHODS

This network meta-analysis was conducted in strict accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Network Meta-Analyses and Cochrane methods.

RESULTS

Five studies involving 2757 patients were included. Pairwise meta-analysis revealed that JAK inhibitors significantly increased the American College of Rheumatology 20 score and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index 75 responses, which were confirmed by the network meta-analysis. The network meta-analysis further suggested that filgotinib 200 mg once daily (OD) (odds ratio [OR] = 3.17, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 1.07-9.88) and upadacitinib 30 mg OD (OR = 2.34, 95% CrI = 1.13-4.78) had higher American College of Rheumatology 20 score responses compared with tofacitinib 5 mg twice a day. However, upadacitinib 30 mg OD was associated with a higher risk of adverse events (placebo: OR = 1.80, 95% CrI = 1.14-2.87) and serious adverse events compared with filgotinib 200 mg OD (OR = 0.05, 95% CrI = 0.00-0.82). Upadacitinib 15 mg OD, the currently recommended therapy, is comparable in both efficacy and safety to other treatment regimens.

CONCLUSIONS

Filgotinib 200 mg OD is the safest and most effective JAK inhibitor for PsA, followed by upadacitinib 30 mg OD. However, upadacitinib 30 mg OD carries the highest risk of adverse events. Upadacitinib 15 mg OD, the currently recommended therapy, is not superior in efficacy and safety compared with other treatment options. More high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings due to the limited number of included studies.