New frontiers in hand arthroscopy.

This article covers new and emerging techniques in small joint arthroscopy in the hand. Recent improvement in the quality of small joint scopes and advancement in techniques have allowed for many new small joint arthroscopic procedures in the hand. The arthroscopic classification for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis as well as treatment of each stage are described. Arthroscopic treatment of pantrapezial arthrosis is reviewed. Metacarpophalangeal arthroscopy for the treatment of synovitis, arthritis, fractures, and gamekeeper injuries are discussed, as is arthroscopy of the proximal interphalangeal, pisotriquetral, fourth and fifth CMC, and distal interphalangeal joints.