Ultrasound velocity measurement in long bones: measurement method and simulation of ultrasound wave propagation.

A new method for the measurement of ultrasound velocity in long bones is presented. The method can be applied in vitro as well as in vivo. It automatically corrects for the influence of soft tissue, such that the real velocity in bone is obtained. In a series of simulation experiments, hypotheses on the followed wave path were verified. A very good agreement was found between the measurement obtained in the experimental set-up and the values calculated for the hypothesised wave path in the experimental structure. These simulations revealed the feasibility of the technique to determine the velocity in a local site of the structure. Clinical applications of this technique include the monitoring of callus consolidation after fracture and the detection of bone degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis.