Developmental disorders of the proximal epiphysis of the hallux.

The development and developmental variation of the proximal epiphysis of the hallux have been studied in 1,500 children who presented to the Emergency Department with minor injuries. An abnormality was present in 3.5% of the children representing epiphyseal fragmentation, sclerosis, cone-shaped epiphysis, and trauma. Those subjects with developmental anomalies were reviewed clinically and 25% of those with epiphyseal fragmentation were found to be suffering from hallux rigidus. The radiological features and clinical considerations are presented.