A rare case of psammomatoid ossifying fibroma in the sphenoid bone reconstructed using autologous particulate exchange cranioplasty.

Psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (POF), a variant of ossifying fibroma, is a benign fibroosseous lesion typically arising within the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and orbit. Cranial vault involvement is exceedingly rare, with very few cases reported in the literature. The authors report a case of POF in the neurocranium of an 11-year-old child, 4 years after chemotherapy and radiation therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This case is reported in view of its rarity, novelty of presentation, and the difficulty in diagnosis due to its radiological resemblance to aneurysmal bone cyst or monostotic cystic fibrous dysplasia, further aggravated by the clinical scenario. A novel technique of cranial reconstruction called autologous particulate exchange cranioplasty was used following tumor excision.