Comparison of periodontal wound healing/regeneration by recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 combined with β-tricalcium phosphate, carbonate apatite, or deproteinized bovine bone mineral in a canine one-wall intra-bony defect model.

AIM: To evaluate periodontal wound healing/regeneration of one-wall intra-bony defects treated with recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap), or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in dogs.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

The stability of rhFGF-2 adsorbed onto the bone substitutes was evaluated by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). One-wall intra-bony defects (5 × 5 × 5 mm) created in five adult male beagle dogs were treated with rhFGF-2 alone (rhFGF-2), rhFGF-2 with β-TCP (rhFGF-2/β-TCP), rhFGF-2 with CO3 Ap (rhFGF-2/CO3 Ap), or rhFGF-2 with DBBM (rhFGF-2/DBBM). Histological outcomes (e.g., linear length of new cementum adjacent to the newly formed bone with inserting collagen fibres [NA] as the primary outcome) were evaluated at 10 weeks post surgery.

RESULTS

Significantly higher amount of rhFGF-2 was adsorbed onto CO3 Ap compared with β-TCP. Among the treatment groups, the rhFGF-2/DBBM group showed the highest amount of periodontal tissue regeneration. The rhFGF-2/DBBM group showed significantly greater formation of NA (3.22 ± 0.40 mm) compared with rhFGF-2 (1.17 ± 1.00 mm, p < .01) group. Additionally, new bone area in the rhFGF-2/DBBM group (9.78 ± 2.30 mm2 ) was significantly higher than that in the rhFGF-2 (5.08 ± 1.26 mm2 , p < .01), rhFGF-2/β-TCP (5.91 ± 1.27 mm2 , p < .05), and rhFGF-2/CO3 Ap (6.51 ± 1.49 mm2 , p < .05) groups. Slight ankylosis was found in the rhFGF-2/β-TCP (1/9 sites), rhFGF-2/CO3 Ap (3/10 sites), and rhFGF-2/DBBM (1/9 sites) groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Within their limitations, the present data indicate that DBBM seems to be a suitable carrier for rhFGF-2 and that rhFGF-2/DBBM treatment promotes favourable periodontal regeneration compared with rhFGF-2, rhFGF-2/β-TCP, and rhFGF-2/CO3 Ap treatments in one-wall intra-bony defects.