Reversible anti-TNFα treatment induced dementia: A case report.

We report the first case of a reversible rapidly progressive dementia occurring in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis, a few months after the beginning of a TNFα inhibitor treatment (TNFi). The exhaustive neurologic explorations were negative. No etiology was found to explain dementia. The dementia slowly improved after TNFi withdrawal. The chronology of this observation suggests a responsibility of the TNFi in the dementia manifestations.