Management of hip deformities in cerebral palsy.

Hip abnormalities affect most children with cerebral palsy. Dedicated surveillance programs have been shown to be effective means of identifying hips at risk and preventing pathologic dislocation. Patients who are ambulatory and correlate with Gross Motor Function Classification Score I and II experience deformities that affect mobility and gait, but rarely dislocations. Marginal and nonambulatory patients have an increasing risk of dislocation. Once subluxation has been identified, early surgical intervention is indicated. Long-term postoperative follow-up is needed to monitor for recurrence. Individuals who recur or who do not respond to initial soft tissue releases benefit from bony surgery. Comprehensive reconstruction of the hip has become the predominant treatment approach when acetabular and proximal femoral dysplasia is present. The painful arthritic dislocated hip has numerous treatment options. Hip arthroplasty procedures show promising results and may supplant other salvage options in the future.