Evaluation of optical coherence tomography changes in amblyopia.

AIM: To study the Central Macular Thickness (CMT) and Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFLT) using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in cases of amblyopia.

METHODS AND MATERIAL: The study was conducted on 30 patients of unilateral amblyopia having vision of less than 6/12 (30 amblyopic eyes and 30 fellow eyes) and age matched 30 eyes of normal controls aged between 5-30 years. Vision, Refraction and ophthalmological examination was done. OCT changes in macula and RNFL layer were evaluated in both eyes of each patient and controls. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22.

RESULTS

Out of 30 patients 14 were anisomyopic and 16 were anisohyperopics. The mean central macular thickness among amblyopic eyes was significantly increased (238.77±3.64 µm) a.c.t fellow eyes (218.73±4.71µm). Average retinal nerve fibre layer thickness among amblyopic eyes was significantly increased (100.50±7.70 µm) a.c.t fellow eyes (95.67±6.38) (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The eyes with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia were associated with higher Central Macular Thickness (CMT) and thicker global Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) when compared to normal fellow eyes.