T-cell subsets, interleukin-2 receptor expression and production of interleukin-2 in minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

This study was designed to investigate T-lymphocyte subsets interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and IL-2 production in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Peripheral blood T-lymphocytes and IL-2R expression were analysed using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD25 monoclonal antibodies with flow cytometry. IL-2 production was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Ten children with MCNS in relapse and in remission were evaluated. Thirteen healthy children served as controls. The patients in relapse demonstrated a moderate decrease in the total absolute lymphocyte counts and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes compared with controls (P < 0.05) and had a greatly increased IL-2R expression in freshly isolated, unstimulated peripheral lymphocytes compared with patients in remission and controls. While this was not statistically significant, IL-2R expression on cultured lymphocytes stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin was significantly elevated in relapse compared with those in remission and controls (P < 0.05). IL-2 production did not correlate well with IL-2R expression and there was no significant difference between the groups. Our results suggest that T-cell subset changes and high IL-2R expression on peripheral lymphocytes may indicate the presence of stimulated T-cell populations in MCNS which could contribute to the immunopathogenesis.