Пробиотическая модуляция энергетического метаболизма улучшает экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиэлит посредством активации траектории фосфата Nrf2 в связи с пентосом.

Probiotic modulation of energy metabolism ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via Nrf2-associated pentose phosphate pathway activation.

Alterations in the gut microbiome not only impact immune processes associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but also affect the regulation of metabolic pathways. In MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models, probiotics are thought to contribute not only to immunomodulatory effects but also to the reprogramming of energy metabolism. In light of these findings, this study assessed the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 (LA-5) in disorders of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) energy metabolism during disease processes. LA-5 supplementation markedly improved disease severity in the EAE model, as reflected by reduced clinical scores and increased expression and activity of key pentose phosphate pathway enzymes, including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD). The treatment also restored diminished transaldolase (TALDO) expression and normalized the NADPH levels in the brain tissue. Moreover, LA-5 reactivated the Nrf2 pathway, which was suppressed under EAE conditions, indicating increased antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, the present findings establish a direct connection between PPP dysfunction and MS pathology, indicating the therapeutic potential of metabolic modulation. This study provides new insights that could inform future strategies for the treatment of MS.