MRI of the shoulder.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder is routinely used, especially in the evaluation of rotator cuff disease and glenohumeral instability. More recent studies have provided a more sophisticated understanding of what represents a pathologic rotator cuff. Similarly, there has been an increased focus on the role of the glenohumeral ligaments and their labral attachment sites in maintaining glenohumeral stability. There have been technical advances as well, including the increased use of magnetic resonance arthrography. In addition, newer studies have shed light on the pathophysiology of the long bicipital tendon and compression neuropathies involving the suprascapular and axillary nerves.