The transoral surgical approach to craniovertebral pathology.

The transoral approach is a surgical technique that can be used effectively in the treatment of anterior craniovertebral junction (CVJ) pathology. In this review, we outline the signs, symptoms, and diagnostic studies that identify the pathology and help to determine subsequent therapy. The transoral approach, preoperative and postoperative management problems, and potential complications of the procedure are reviewed. The nursing care of a patient with CVJ pathology is discussed.