Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2002
Effect of foot orthoses on 3-dimensional kinematics of flatfoot: a cadaveric study.
Сравнительное исследованиеСтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Kitaoka Harold B, Luo Zong-Ping, Kura Hideji, An Kai-Nan
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To test in cadaveric feet the hypothesis that prefabricated foot orthoses will improve arch alignment in flatfoot deformity.
DESIGN: Experimental, paired comparisons.
SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory.
CADAVERS: Nine cadaveric lower-extremity specimens with no abnormalities.
INTERVENTIONS: To evaluate the performance of 2 orthoses specimens were tested in 4 combinations: intact, flatfoot, flatfoot with shoe and orthosis 1, and flatfoot with shoe and orthosis 2. To simulate the midstance phase of gait, loads were applied to 5 tendons and an axial load equivalent to two thirds of the standing load was applied to the foot's plantar surface.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Arch height and tarsal bone positions before and after a flatfoot deformity created by ligament sectioning; tarsal bone positions determined with a magnetic tracking system.
RESULTS: After ligament sectioning, the average decrease in arch height with a shoe applied was 4.6+/-1.6mm (8%); with orthosis 1, mean arch height increased 0.7+/-0.6mm (P=.008); with orthosis 2, it increased 0.3+/-0.5mm (P=.05). With both orthoses, arch height after sectioning was significantly less than that of the normal arch. Compared with the flatfoot condition, metatarsal-talar alignment improved in plantar flexion and inversion with both orthoses but did not approximate normal with either orthosis. Calcaneal-tibial position did not improve with either orthosis and was markedly different from that in the intact foot with either orthosis. No difference was found between the 2 orthoses except for metatarsal-talar motion in external rotation (P=.014) and eversion (P=.026).
CONCLUSIONS: Arch alignment improved significantly but to a limited degree (<2%) in cadaveric feet with the use of orthoses. Hindfoot valgus malalignment did not consistently improve by the use of shoe inserts.
DESIGN: Experimental, paired comparisons.
SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory.
CADAVERS: Nine cadaveric lower-extremity specimens with no abnormalities.
INTERVENTIONS: To evaluate the performance of 2 orthoses specimens were tested in 4 combinations: intact, flatfoot, flatfoot with shoe and orthosis 1, and flatfoot with shoe and orthosis 2. To simulate the midstance phase of gait, loads were applied to 5 tendons and an axial load equivalent to two thirds of the standing load was applied to the foot's plantar surface.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Arch height and tarsal bone positions before and after a flatfoot deformity created by ligament sectioning; tarsal bone positions determined with a magnetic tracking system.
RESULTS: After ligament sectioning, the average decrease in arch height with a shoe applied was 4.6+/-1.6mm (8%); with orthosis 1, mean arch height increased 0.7+/-0.6mm (P=.008); with orthosis 2, it increased 0.3+/-0.5mm (P=.05). With both orthoses, arch height after sectioning was significantly less than that of the normal arch. Compared with the flatfoot condition, metatarsal-talar alignment improved in plantar flexion and inversion with both orthoses but did not approximate normal with either orthosis. Calcaneal-tibial position did not improve with either orthosis and was markedly different from that in the intact foot with either orthosis. No difference was found between the 2 orthoses except for metatarsal-talar motion in external rotation (P=.014) and eversion (P=.026).
CONCLUSIONS: Arch alignment improved significantly but to a limited degree (<2%) in cadaveric feet with the use of orthoses. Hindfoot valgus malalignment did not consistently improve by the use of shoe inserts.