BMC infectious diseases · 2024
Characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital patients with Covid-19 and history of tuberculosis: a matched case-control from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry.
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de Carvalho Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Pereira Daniella Nunes, Chagas Victor Schulthais, Augusto Valéria Maria, Costa Felício Roberto, Nascimento Guilherme Fagundes, Ruschel Karen Brasil, Moreira Leila Beltrami, Carneiro Marcelo, Guimarães Júnior Milton Henriques, Costa Mônica Aparecida, Bonardi Naiara Patrícia Fagundes, de Oliveira Neimy Ramos, Aguiar Rubia Laura Oliveira, Costa Raíssa de Melo, Pires Magda Carvalho, Marcolino Milena Soriano
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The Covid-19 pandemic caused a negative impact on other infectious diseases control, prevention, and treatment. Consequently, low and middle-income countries suffer from other endemic diseases, such as tuberculosis. This study was designed to compare Covid-19 manifestations and outcomes between patients with previously treated tuberculosis and controls without this condition.
METHODS: We performed a matched case-control study drawn from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry data, including in-hospital patients aged 18 and over with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022. Cases were patients with a past history of tuberculosis. Controls were Covid-19 patients without a tuberculosis history. Patients were matched by hospital, sex, presence of HIV, and number of comorbidities, with a 1:4 ratio.
RESULTS: Of 13,636 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnoses of Covid-19 enrolled in this study, 80 had a history of tuberculosis. Statistical differences in history of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (15% vs. 3.2%), psychiatric disease (10% vs. 3.5%,), chronic kidney disease (11.2% vs. 2.8%), and solid-organ transplantation; (5% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.05 for all) were higher in patients with a past history of tuberculosis. Prior use of inhalatory medications (5% vs. 0.6%,), oral corticoids (8.8% vs. 1.9%), immunosuppressants (8.8% vs. 1.9%,) and the use of illicit drugs were more common in the case group (6.2% vs. 0.3% p < 0.05for all). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation, need for dialysis, and ICU admission.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a history of tuberculosis infection presented a higher frequency of use of illicit drugs, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, psychiatric disease, chronic kidney disease, solid-organ transplantation, prior use of inhalatory medications, oral corticoids, and immunosuppressants. The outcomes were similar between cases and controls.
METHODS: We performed a matched case-control study drawn from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry data, including in-hospital patients aged 18 and over with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022. Cases were patients with a past history of tuberculosis. Controls were Covid-19 patients without a tuberculosis history. Patients were matched by hospital, sex, presence of HIV, and number of comorbidities, with a 1:4 ratio.
RESULTS: Of 13,636 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnoses of Covid-19 enrolled in this study, 80 had a history of tuberculosis. Statistical differences in history of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (15% vs. 3.2%), psychiatric disease (10% vs. 3.5%,), chronic kidney disease (11.2% vs. 2.8%), and solid-organ transplantation; (5% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.05 for all) were higher in patients with a past history of tuberculosis. Prior use of inhalatory medications (5% vs. 0.6%,), oral corticoids (8.8% vs. 1.9%), immunosuppressants (8.8% vs. 1.9%,) and the use of illicit drugs were more common in the case group (6.2% vs. 0.3% p < 0.05for all). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation, need for dialysis, and ICU admission.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a history of tuberculosis infection presented a higher frequency of use of illicit drugs, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, psychiatric disease, chronic kidney disease, solid-organ transplantation, prior use of inhalatory medications, oral corticoids, and immunosuppressants. The outcomes were similar between cases and controls.