microRNAs Alterations of Myocardium and Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Insight to Improve Infarction.

Heart and cerebral infarctions, as two important ischemic diseases, lead to the death of tissues due to inadequate blood supply and high mortality worldwide. These statuses are started via blockage of vessels and depletion of oxygen and nutrients which affected these areas. After reperfusion and restoration of oxygen supply, more severe injury was mediated by multifaceted cascades of inflammation and oxidative stress. microRNAs (miRNAs) as the regulator of biological and pathological pathways can adjust these conditions by interaction with their targets. Also, miRNAs can be modulated by preconditioning and external agents that may improve the functional outcome after IRI. miRNAs might be considered as therapeutic approaches to improve the symptoms of patients after myocardial infarction and cerebral ischemic stroke.