[Transitional care in urology : from pediatrics to adulthood].

Advances in pediatric care have improved survival in chronic urological disorders, necessitating structured transitions to adult services. These programs aim to preserve renal and bladder function, continence, fertility, and quality of life, while promoting autonomy. Optimal timing remains uncertain, differing between guidelines and patient preferences. Conditions often requiring transition include spina bifida, bladder exstrophy, posterior urethral valves, and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Major challenges are loss to follow-up, parental dependence, patient anxiety, and absent standardized protocols. Multidisciplinary clinics and early therapeutic education are best practices to improve adherence and optimize long-term outcomes.