Anales de pediatria · 2025
Lung function and sleep-disordered breathing in preschoolers born very preterm.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Cano Alfredo, Bullón González Isabel, Andrés Porras Pilar, Pérez Porra Silvia, Martínez Flórez Ana, Izquierdo Caballero Raquel, Díez Monge Nuria
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of abnormalities in small airway function and sleep-disordered breathing in preschoolers born very preterm and with very low birth weight, and their association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other neonatal risk factors.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study of children aged 3 to 6 years born before 32 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of less than 1500 g. Respiratory oscillometry was performed, determining the resistance and reactance at 5 Hz (R5 and X5), the difference in resistance at 5 and 19 Hz (R5-19), area under the reactance curve (AX), and the resonant frequency (fres). Nocturnal oximetry was also performed, determining the oxygen desaturation indices at thresholds of 3% (ODI3) and 4% (ODI4). We analyzed the association of the results with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other neonatal risk factors with the χ2 test or the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: The sample included 22 children with a median (IQR) age of 4.9 (3.7-5.4) years, of who 54.5% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. There was a high prevalence of abnormal results for all oscillometry parameters (R5-19, 10.0%; X5, 21.1%; R5, 25.0%; fres, 40.0%; AX, 45.0%) and oximetry parameters (ODI3, 38.1%; ODI4, 33.3%). None of these results were associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or other neonatal risk factors.
CONCLUSION: Preschoolers born very preterm and with very low birth weight have a high prevalence of abnormal small airway function and, probably, sleep-disordered breathing, unrelated to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study of children aged 3 to 6 years born before 32 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of less than 1500 g. Respiratory oscillometry was performed, determining the resistance and reactance at 5 Hz (R5 and X5), the difference in resistance at 5 and 19 Hz (R5-19), area under the reactance curve (AX), and the resonant frequency (fres). Nocturnal oximetry was also performed, determining the oxygen desaturation indices at thresholds of 3% (ODI3) and 4% (ODI4). We analyzed the association of the results with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other neonatal risk factors with the χ2 test or the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: The sample included 22 children with a median (IQR) age of 4.9 (3.7-5.4) years, of who 54.5% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. There was a high prevalence of abnormal results for all oscillometry parameters (R5-19, 10.0%; X5, 21.1%; R5, 25.0%; fres, 40.0%; AX, 45.0%) and oximetry parameters (ODI3, 38.1%; ODI4, 33.3%). None of these results were associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or other neonatal risk factors.
CONCLUSION: Preschoolers born very preterm and with very low birth weight have a high prevalence of abnormal small airway function and, probably, sleep-disordered breathing, unrelated to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.