Annals of Saudi medicine · 2026
Epidemiology of pediatric invasive group A streptococcus infection in a Saudi tertiary care center.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Ali Anas, Alhuthil Raghad, Gashgarey Deema, Altayeb Maryam, Alsuhaibani Mohammed, Al-Shareef Duaa, Al-Ansari Rahaf, Dahhan Abulaziz, Adeeb Salma, Aljumaa Roaa, AlGhalayini Bara, Alghamdi Salem, Aljumaah Suliman, Alyabes Ohoud, Albanyan Esam A, Al-Hajjar Sami
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections in children can cause severe illness and lead to high rates of complications and death. While recent global reports show a rise in pediatric iGAS after the COVID-19 pandemic, there is limited data from Saudi Arabia.
OBJECTIVES: Assess the clinical features, outcomes, and patterns of pediatric iGAS at a major tertiary center in Riyadh.
DESIGN: Retrospective case series study.
SETTING: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients aged 14 years or younger who had symptoms of iGAS confirmed by a positive culture from January 2018 to May 2025.
MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Clinical features, outcomes, and patterns of pediatric iGAS.
SAMPLE SIZE: 32 children.
RESULTS: Out of the 585 total infections recorded, 32 cases were classified as iGAS and included in the study. Most infections happened in winter and spring, with (433/585) 74% occurring from November to April. The highest rates of iGAS were seen during the COVID-19 pandemic years. The average age of patients was 4.1 years, and 94% (n=30) had other health problems, mainly congenital heart disease (n=9, 28%) and hematology/oncology (n=8, 25%). Bacteremia was the most common presentation (n=17, 53%), followed by cellulitis/necrotizing fasciitis (n=9, 28%) and pneumonia (n=8, 25%). Eleven children (34%) needed intensive care, and the overall death rate was 9% (3/32), with all deaths in patients who had bacteremia.
CONCLUSION: In our center, pediatric iGAS infections carry a substantial comorbidity and disease severity burden, frequently presenting with complex and aggressive clinical manifestations. These findings underscore the urgent need for heightened vigilance in high-risk children, improved diagnostic precision, and strengthened local surveillance systems to enhance prevention and optimize management of these serious infections.
LIMITATIONS: Single-center, retrospective design and absence of rapid diagnostic testing.
OBJECTIVES: Assess the clinical features, outcomes, and patterns of pediatric iGAS at a major tertiary center in Riyadh.
DESIGN: Retrospective case series study.
SETTING: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients aged 14 years or younger who had symptoms of iGAS confirmed by a positive culture from January 2018 to May 2025.
MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Clinical features, outcomes, and patterns of pediatric iGAS.
SAMPLE SIZE: 32 children.
RESULTS: Out of the 585 total infections recorded, 32 cases were classified as iGAS and included in the study. Most infections happened in winter and spring, with (433/585) 74% occurring from November to April. The highest rates of iGAS were seen during the COVID-19 pandemic years. The average age of patients was 4.1 years, and 94% (n=30) had other health problems, mainly congenital heart disease (n=9, 28%) and hematology/oncology (n=8, 25%). Bacteremia was the most common presentation (n=17, 53%), followed by cellulitis/necrotizing fasciitis (n=9, 28%) and pneumonia (n=8, 25%). Eleven children (34%) needed intensive care, and the overall death rate was 9% (3/32), with all deaths in patients who had bacteremia.
CONCLUSION: In our center, pediatric iGAS infections carry a substantial comorbidity and disease severity burden, frequently presenting with complex and aggressive clinical manifestations. These findings underscore the urgent need for heightened vigilance in high-risk children, improved diagnostic precision, and strengthened local surveillance systems to enhance prevention and optimize management of these serious infections.
LIMITATIONS: Single-center, retrospective design and absence of rapid diagnostic testing.