Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026
Association of age, sexual intercourse history, and physical violence with pregnancy among sexual violence victims: a case-control study in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
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Iswara Raja Al Fath Widya, Ramadhan Nur Rahayu, Winanta I Putu Indra Pradnya, Nurcahyani Aprillia
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a serious reproductive consequence of sexual violence, particularly among adolescents and young women. Age, repeated sexual intercourse, and physical violence during assault may increase pregnancy risk, yet evidence from forensic settings in Indonesia remains limited. This study analyzed the association of age, sexual intercourse history, and physical violence with pregnancy among sexual violence victims in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted using medicolegal (visum et repertum) and clinical records from referral hospitals in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January 2018 to December 2025. Cases included 100 female sexual violence victims aged 10-25 years with pregnancy following sexual violence, while controls included 100 victims without pregnancy. Variables analyzed were age category, sexual intercourse history, and physical violence findings. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Most participants were aged below 18 years. Repeated sexual intercourse was significantly associated with pregnancy. Victims reporting more than one episode of sexual intercourse had higher odds of pregnancy than those reporting one-time intercourse (OR = 3.38; 95% CI: 1.82-6.29; p < 0.001). Physical violence findings were also significantly associated with pregnancy (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.21-3.87; p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis showed that repeated sexual intercourse (AOR = 3.18; 95% CI: 1.66-6.08; p < 0.001) and physical violence (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.04-3.76; p = 0.036) remained independent predictors, while age was not significantly associated.
CONCLUSION: Repeated sexual intercourse and physical violence were independently associated with pregnancy among sexual violence victims.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted using medicolegal (visum et repertum) and clinical records from referral hospitals in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January 2018 to December 2025. Cases included 100 female sexual violence victims aged 10-25 years with pregnancy following sexual violence, while controls included 100 victims without pregnancy. Variables analyzed were age category, sexual intercourse history, and physical violence findings. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Most participants were aged below 18 years. Repeated sexual intercourse was significantly associated with pregnancy. Victims reporting more than one episode of sexual intercourse had higher odds of pregnancy than those reporting one-time intercourse (OR = 3.38; 95% CI: 1.82-6.29; p < 0.001). Physical violence findings were also significantly associated with pregnancy (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.21-3.87; p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis showed that repeated sexual intercourse (AOR = 3.18; 95% CI: 1.66-6.08; p < 0.001) and physical violence (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.04-3.76; p = 0.036) remained independent predictors, while age was not significantly associated.
CONCLUSION: Repeated sexual intercourse and physical violence were independently associated with pregnancy among sexual violence victims.