Endocrine · 2026
Dose-dependent association of prenatal microplastic exposure with gestational diabetes Mellitus: A prospective cohort analysis.
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Panneerselvam Deboral, Murugesan Anuradha, Kumar Janardanan Subramonia, A Preethika
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the potential crosslink between microplastic exposure and the development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in primiparous pregnant women.
METHODS: Prospective cohort study, involved 770 pregnant women. Data on demographic factors and microplastic exposure assessed through a validated Microplastic Exposure Questionnaire (MEQ) were collected, focusing on exposure via cosmetics, toiletries, and food. Participants were categorized into low (≤ 113), moderate (114-142), and high (≥ 143) exposure groups based on quartile-derived thresholds (Q1 = 113, Q3 = 142). Content Validity index and Cronbach's alpha reliability test were performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Primary outcome assessed for the incidence of GDM.
RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.835, indicating good internal consistency. Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) results indicated that the questionnaire has moderate to strong content validity. Among the 770 participants, 289 (37.5%) were diagnosed with GDM, while 481 (62.5%) were non-GDM. Exposure distribution revealed 202 women with low exposure (74 GDM, 128 non-GDM, 36.6% GDM prevalence), 380 with moderate exposure (110 GDM, 270 non-GDM, 28.9% GDM prevalence), and 188 with high exposure (105 GDM, 83 non-GDM, 55.9% GDM prevalence). Chi-square analysis indicated a significant association between microplastic exposure category and GDM status (χ² = 38.92, df = 2, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression demonstrated that high exposure significantly increased GDM risk compared to low exposure (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.46-3.28, p < 0.001), whereas moderate exposure was not significant (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.49-1.01, p = 0.058). Sub-category analysis revealed strongest links in makeup products (90.9% significant items; Cramér's V up to 0.191) and personal care/toiletries (62.5%; V up to 0.367), exceeding dietary habits.
CONCLUSION: High maternal microplastic exposure is significantly associated with increased GDM risk in pregnant women, suggesting that microplastic exposure may represent a novel risk factor for GDM. Public health interventions should prioritize reducing dermal exposure from cosmetics and personal care products.
METHODS: Prospective cohort study, involved 770 pregnant women. Data on demographic factors and microplastic exposure assessed through a validated Microplastic Exposure Questionnaire (MEQ) were collected, focusing on exposure via cosmetics, toiletries, and food. Participants were categorized into low (≤ 113), moderate (114-142), and high (≥ 143) exposure groups based on quartile-derived thresholds (Q1 = 113, Q3 = 142). Content Validity index and Cronbach's alpha reliability test were performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Primary outcome assessed for the incidence of GDM.
RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.835, indicating good internal consistency. Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) results indicated that the questionnaire has moderate to strong content validity. Among the 770 participants, 289 (37.5%) were diagnosed with GDM, while 481 (62.5%) were non-GDM. Exposure distribution revealed 202 women with low exposure (74 GDM, 128 non-GDM, 36.6% GDM prevalence), 380 with moderate exposure (110 GDM, 270 non-GDM, 28.9% GDM prevalence), and 188 with high exposure (105 GDM, 83 non-GDM, 55.9% GDM prevalence). Chi-square analysis indicated a significant association between microplastic exposure category and GDM status (χ² = 38.92, df = 2, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression demonstrated that high exposure significantly increased GDM risk compared to low exposure (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.46-3.28, p < 0.001), whereas moderate exposure was not significant (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.49-1.01, p = 0.058). Sub-category analysis revealed strongest links in makeup products (90.9% significant items; Cramér's V up to 0.191) and personal care/toiletries (62.5%; V up to 0.367), exceeding dietary habits.
CONCLUSION: High maternal microplastic exposure is significantly associated with increased GDM risk in pregnant women, suggesting that microplastic exposure may represent a novel risk factor for GDM. Public health interventions should prioritize reducing dermal exposure from cosmetics and personal care products.